The Duchess of Zeon wrote:Stuart isn't quite right--there has been a Tamil population in the very far north of Ceylon / Sri Lanka what have you since the 10th century AD. The claims that Tamils are the original inhabitants of the island are idiotic but they have been there since the 10th century, for what it's worth, so they're real inhabitants--insomuch as it may be considered that they invaded/migrated there against the will of the inhabitants (more or less by definition, in those days) in the first place. That population is however smaller than the Indian Tamils, who are actually the ones from the 19th century. They however have never really been nearly as involved in the insurrection. A better analogy I think would be that of Brittany waging a violent guerrilla war for independence from France. Arguably due to the suppression of thier language the Britons have equal justification to an insurrection against France as the Tamils did for their insurrection against the Sri Lankan government, for that matter...
It's rather more complicated than that. Historically, there have been waves of Tamil invaders hitting Sri Lanka at varying intervals, probably due to population pressures on the mainland. These waves started well before the 10th Century, with some evidence they even took place in the BC era. In some cases, when the native Singhalese kingdoms were strong, the invaders were thrown back into the sea. In other cases, when the native Kingdoms were weakened by internal decay or internecine warfare, the Tamils managed to found their own Kingdoms in the North. Why the North? Its because there's a natural land/shallow water bridge from Tamil Nadu to Northern Sri Lanka that makes an easy invasion route. In the latter case, the Singhalese Kingdoms continued to resist the new Tamil kingdom until it was eventually driven out. The descendents of those Tamil invaders are part of the Sri Lankan Tamils (3.9 percent of the population).
The British brought a lot of Tamils over, starting in the 19th century and ending in the 1930s. Their descendents form the rest of the Sri Lankan Tamils. The Indian Tamils (4.6 percent of the population) in Sri Lanka arrived in the 1960s-1980s. Now, this division has had some interesting side-effects. One is that the LTTE are almost entirely an Indian Tamil organization and their main body of strength was in the northern part of Sri Lanka. The Sri Lankan Tamils had their own organizations and their main center of strength was in Eastern Sri Lanka. One of the earliest actions of the LTTE was to attack and largely destroy the nationalist organizations of the Sri Lankan Tamils and absorn their survivors into the LTTE. In the end this led to a split forming in the LTTE, the Sri Lankan Tamils defected to the Government and attacked the LTTE, the result being that the eastern provinces fell to the Government in 2006-7.
So, the current situation can really be seen as a continuation of a well-established pattern. A Tamil invasion, an effort to ste up their own Kingdom and its eventual elimination.
By the way, remember that hospital that supposedly got all the shelling? The Sri Lanka Army just overran it. No sign of any damage other than a few stray mortar rounds. All the stories concerning it appear to have been falsified.