There are other reasons why the military would seek a court-martial after a conviction in state court.PKRudeBoy wrote:It's an issue of separate sovereignties, which is the same reason that you can be tried for the same crime in a federal court if you get off in a state court, like the federal trial of the Rodney King case or the military trial of Tim Hennis. It's a rare case that has this happen, I think that the most common use for it was for human rights violations during the civil rights movement.Ralin wrote:I don't know the exact legal justification, but clearly the military can do things that would be totally illegal and unconstitutional in civilian life, like discriminate on the basis of gender and sexual orientation and such. So I'm not sure if the 5th Amendment would apply.Adamskywalker007 wrote:I would think that trying to use the threat of a Courts Marshall after a civilian trial would absolutely violate the Fifth ammendment and be exactly the kind of thing that would cause such a case to be defeated on appeal. Especially since the defendant could argue in such a case that he was being prosecuted over his position as much as his actions as the military has to look as if they are doing something.
One reason (applying to murders) is that the military has the death penalty, while it is unavailable in some states.
Another reason is that state criminal courts can not sentence servicemen to a dishonorable discharge or equivalent for officers. This makes a big difference with respect to veterans' benefits (as opposed to an ordinary separation from the service). The military has great leeway in separating servicemen, including those who get in trouble in state criminal courts, but can only carry out a dishonorable discharge pursuant to a sentence by court-martial.
These reasons also explain why the threat of military prosecution following a civilian trial makes such an effective bargaining chip in many cases, with veterans' benefits and even life itself on the line.