Articles: "Nuclear Warfare 101".

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aerius
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Re: Articles: "Nuclear Warfare 101".

Post by aerius »

Iosef Cross wrote:I think that any large industrialized country (in the broad sense) can support itself isolated with at least the basic industrial goods. Brazil for example, has industrialized thought import substitution policies, hence has developed an industrial infrastructure that can exist isolated from the rest of the world.

Of course, technological progress will be much slower, without the centers of learning of the northern hemisphere.
You'd be dead wrong. Our modern industry & production lines are heavily dependent on electronic automation equipment, semiconductor technology, and computers. Put it this way, if Japan, the US, South Korea, and Germany were nuked you'd lose all the manufacturers of automated electronics assembly equipment. You'll need to build every computer board, cell phone, programmable logic controller (there's hundreds of PLCs in every modern factory), TV, and anything else with a circuitboard by hand. This is a Blackberry circuit board, a machine can build it in under 2 minutes, by hand, it'll take about half a day. Good luck trying to build circuit boards fast enough to keep ahead of the failure rate at the factories.

There would not be technological progress since your industry will be breaking down faster than you can fix it. If you're very lucky you'll stabilize at around a 1960's to early 70's tech level until you have the tech base required to build semiconductor fabs and automated electronics assembly equipment such as the Universal Instruments HSP. You'll need a highly developed metals industry since these machines require various specialty alloys, a highly developed precision machine tools industry to machine those alloys to the required tolerances, AI vision systems, precision optics, and a whole bunch of other stuff. There's exactly 3 countries right now with the domestic tech base to build these machines, Japan, Germany, and the US. That's it. South Korea depends on Japan & Germany for the glass & optics.

Without those machines, modern electronics and production lines do not exist. Your computer, cell phone, TV, iPod, radio, Xbox, once it's dead it's gone and never getting replaced. Everything else in your home that's made in a modern factory is now several times more expensive.
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Re: Articles: "Nuclear Warfare 101".

Post by Lonestar »

Iosef Cross wrote: How Japan had only 2% of it's population killed in 1945 and recovered very fast from two 15 kiloton bombs? And Japan in 1945 was a very poor country by today's standards.

Because there were several major "high tech" survivors(The Commonwealth, USA) that did stuff to help manage the Japanese recovery. Not the least the heavy subsidization of Japanese defense(at least early on) by the USA.

Remember those economic webs Stuart was talking about? They existed post-WW2. They would be (mostly) gone in this scenario.
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Re: Articles: "Nuclear Warfare 101".

Post by JBG »

Stuart wrote:An examination of the likelihood for an attack using nuclear weapons against Australia came to some alarming conclusions. The study postulated that three nuclear devices would be initiated in Australia, each of around 50 kilotons nominal yield. For the purposes of the study, the targets were Sydney, Melbourne, and Canberra. The results indicated the attack would:

• kill, injure, and/or displace about half the population;

• damage or retard about 40 percent of the economy;

• take out most of the federal government;

• take out nearly all of the intelligence agencies;

• sink one-third to one-half of the Australian Navy;

• destroy about 40 percent of the Army;

• destroy about 30 percent of the Australian Air Force; and

• take out nearly all of the ADF commands.

Regardless of other considerations, the study concluded that, at best, Australia would take decades to recover. Three 50kt is a very light attack. Australia would get hit a lot harder than that.
Dammit Stuart, you mentioned 3 devices on HPCA but wouldn't specify the targets :?
adam_grif wrote:
Regardless of other considerations, the study concluded that, at best, Australia would take decades to recover. Three 50kt is a very light attack. Australia would get hit a lot harder than that.
Yes, but those 3 warheads are obviously going to be the best placed 3 of the lot. Obvious targets like Pine Gap get hammered as well, but overall, Australia has a LOT of B country, and all of it is very widely spread out.
No, he referred to a total of three devices only for us. Tassie will be OK except for crap coming from Melbourne. But as you say, there is plenty of hinterland behind or around Sydney and Melbourne.

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Re: Articles: "Nuclear Warfare 101".

Post by loomer »

Iosef Cross wrote:
I would think that this study has exaggerated conclusions.

How Japan had only 2% of it's population killed in 1945 and recovered very fast from two 15 kiloton bombs? And Japan in 1945 was a very poor country by today's standards.
Maybe you're not familiar with Australia, you retard. We are a smaller nation than Japan when it comes to population, and our economies are extremely dependent on those three cities that just got obliterated. In addition, about a third of our population lives within or adjacent to one of those three cities - so the ~40% death/injury/displacement figure is plausible. Note that's a combined figure - Japan had a higher casualty and displacement rate than death rate.

Now, on top of this, Australia is very dry. Very. Dry. A strike on Sydney would ruin the water supplies for that area, and fallout would temporarily render a lot of the other ones surrounding the targets useless. You know what happens when we don't get water? Normally, nothing - we import it, if need be, or just put on heavy restrictions. But after the bombs? Let's say it's summer - people will die, even up where I live (one of only two regions in the state that has an adequate average rainfall level).

The government element? It would. Canberra - I'll give you the benefit of the doubt and just assume you didn't realize this - is the seat of our federal government, and Sydney and Melbourne would be the two cities most likely to assume 'new capital' status. And they would also be gone. With them would be, as noted in the study, our intelligence agencies, which are based out of Canberra, and a great deal of our air force and potentially navy.

Now, I still believe that if we managed to pull through the initial two to three years of chaos, starvation, drought and disease, that Australia would be able to rebuild better than a lot of primary targets thanks to our industrial sector and natural resources, but I see nothing at all wrong in Stuart's study. Maybe you can cite a source saying it's overblown, bitch?
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Re: Articles: "Nuclear Warfare 101".

Post by K. A. Pital »

Iosef wrote:But, if the outside world collapsed, we could produce computers again.
Does Brazil have the necessary semiconductor and processor plants at all?

P.S. I see Iosef thinks the Australia study is "overblown". :lol: What does he think, Australia has places to hide the populace in? Or there'll be a US of A to funnel industrial equipment after Australia's gone?
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Re: Articles: "Nuclear Warfare 101".

Post by adam_grif »

No, he referred to a total of three devices only for us.
He then said "but you would get hit a lot harder than that". Implying that those three will land, along with many others.

To which I was just stating that the others will inevitably be more poorly placed than the three most optimally placed ones.

Tassie will be OK except for crap coming from Melbourne. But as you say, there is plenty of hinterland behind or around Sydney and Melbourne.
Well yeah. 1/3 of Tasmania is national park, with absolutely nothing of value to hit with nukes. That said, if tassie was going to get hit at all, I'd be fucked, since I'm barely 5km from the CBD of Hobart.
Now, on top of this, Australia is very dry. Very. Dry.
Hah, lets hope they don't drop the bombs in bushfire season :P

Imagine the firestorms!
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Re: Articles: "Nuclear Warfare 101".

Post by Iosef Cross »

aerius wrote:
Iosef Cross wrote:I think that any large industrialized country (in the broad sense) can support itself isolated with at least the basic industrial goods. Brazil for example, has industrialized thought import substitution policies, hence has developed an industrial infrastructure that can exist isolated from the rest of the world.

Of course, technological progress will be much slower, without the centers of learning of the northern hemisphere.
You'd be dead wrong. Our modern industry & production lines are heavily dependent on electronic automation equipment, semiconductor technology, and computers. Put it this way, if Japan, the US, South Korea, and Germany were nuked you'd lose all the manufacturers of automated electronics assembly equipment. You'll need to build every computer board, cell phone, programmable logic controller (there's hundreds of PLCs in every modern factory), TV, and anything else with a circuitboard by hand. This is a Blackberry circuit board, a machine can build it in under 2 minutes, by hand, it'll take about half a day. Good luck trying to build circuit boards fast enough to keep ahead of the failure rate at the factories.
There will be electronic engineers alive in the post nuclear world. They will be able to supply the necessary components to prevent breakdowns in basic electronics.
If you're very lucky you'll stabilize at around a 1960's to early 70's tech level until you have the tech base required to build semiconductor fabs and automated electronics assembly equipment such as the Universal Instruments HSP. You'll need a highly developed metals industry since these machines require various specialty alloys, a highly developed precision machine tools industry to machine those alloys to the required tolerances, AI vision systems, precision optics, and a whole bunch of other stuff. There's exactly 3 countries right now with the domestic tech base to build these machines, Japan, Germany, and the US. That's it. South Korea depends on Japan & Germany for the glass & optics.
1- These countries have comparative advantage in producing this equipment. That doesn't mean that it is impossible for other countries to produce it, only that it is cheaper to import it.

2- Yes, without such equipment we would have to regress in technology several decades back in many items.
Without those machines, modern electronics and production lines do not exist. Your computer, cell phone, TV, iPod, radio, Xbox, once it's dead it's gone and never getting replaced. Everything else in your home that's made in a modern factory is now several times more expensive.
Considering that Brazil's industry has a very low level of automation, that's not a big problem.
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Re: Articles: "Nuclear Warfare 101".

Post by Iosef Cross »

Stas Bush wrote:
Iosef wrote:But, if the outside world collapsed, we could produce computers again.
Does Brazil have the necessary semiconductor and processor plants at all?
They manufactured computers here in the 80's, because there were barriers to import computers, with the idea of creating a domestic computer industry. These computers were inferior to the world average and had several times the price. In 1990, the barriers to import computers were lifted and the domestic manufacturers went bankrupt.

In the scenario were the outside world collapsed this market would be "protected" again.
P.S. I see Iosef thinks the Australia study is "overblown". :lol: What does he think, Australia has places to hide the populace in? Or there'll be a US of A to funnel industrial equipment after Australia's gone?
1- The area physically destroyed by atomic bombs would be small. Se: http://www.stardestroyer.net/Resources/ ... sions.html, a radius of widespread destruction of only 2.7 kilometers.

2- Basic industrial equipment is easy to produce. Anyway, they wouldn't probably lose much industrial equipment, since the 50 k atomic bombs wouldn't destroy much more than the financial centers of their 3 biggest cities.

Probable total fatalities would be 300 k, or 1.5% of the population of Australia.
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Re: Articles: "Nuclear Warfare 101".

Post by Iosef Cross »

Lonestar wrote:
Iosef Cross wrote: How Japan had only 2% of it's population killed in 1945 and recovered very fast from two 15 kiloton bombs? And Japan in 1945 was a very poor country by today's standards.
Because there were several major "high tech" survivors(The Commonwealth, USA) that did stuff to help manage the Japanese recovery. Not the least the heavy subsidization of Japanese defense(at least early on) by the USA.

Remember those economic webs Stuart was talking about? They existed post-WW2. They would be (mostly) gone in this scenario.
The Japanese recovery was from the war itself.

The Atomic bombs were only a small factor in the total destruction caused by war. Conventional bombings caused a greater damage to Japan than those 2 atomic bombs, with killed only 0.2% of Japan's population (not 2% as I have said before, 140,000 out of 70 million is 0.2%) and destroyed perhaps 0.5% of Japan's urbanized areas (20 square kilometers, out of the around 3-4 thousand square kilometers of urban area).
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Re: Articles: "Nuclear Warfare 101".

Post by Iosef Cross »

aerius,

I didn't intend to say that without the rest of the world, Brazil could maintain their current technological level. We would be hardly hit by a nuclear holocaust that destroyed the northern hemisphere. However, it is absurd to say that South America would regress to medieval levels of development without the northern hemisphere.
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Re: Articles: "Nuclear Warfare 101".

Post by Ritterin Sophia »

Iosef Cross wrote:The Japanese recovery was from the war itself.

The Atomic bombs were only a small factor in the total destruction caused by war. Conventional bombings caused a greater damage to Japan than those 2 atomic bombs, with killed only 0.2% of Japan's population (not 2% as I have said before, 140,000 out of 70 million is 0.2%) and destroyed perhaps 0.5% of Japan's urbanized areas (20 square kilometers, out of the around 3-4 thousand square kilometers of urban area).
I see you keep living up to that title. You failed to address his point, which was that your analogy is flawed because in the case of Japan wealthy and industrialized nations still existed that could supply them with the means to recover, in this case there will not be.
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Re: Articles: "Nuclear Warfare 101".

Post by K. A. Pital »

I ask once again, did Brazil IMPORT semiconductors to make computers at home, or did they have the entire production chain from raw materials to final product?
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Re: Articles: "Nuclear Warfare 101".

Post by aerius »

And by entire production chain, that means the machines, materials, and everything else that went into those computers was made domestically. So if they built a chip fab but had to order in the photolithography lens assemblies from Zeiss, it doesn't count. Or if they made their own lens assemblies but the glass came from Schott, Corning, or Asahi Glass, it doesn't count either. Beginning to end for every single part & procedure.
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Re: Articles: "Nuclear Warfare 101".

Post by loomer »

I see you haven't cited a source, Iosef. I DEMAND IT OR I DEMAND BLOOD, COCKSUCKER! Prove Stuart's study was overblown with a properly sourced essay or article, or retract your statement!

On the matter of production chains, that's one of the reasons I feel my dusty nation would recover reasonably well after the starvation and disease period passed. We've got the capacity to produce industrial equipment from scratch here - not the complex stuff, we need the electronics for those from elsewhere, but shit like tractors, trains, and the like - thanks to our abundant coal and iron reserves, and an experienced population, even with a ~20-30% population decrease, which would both ruin said population and also allow a better quality of life for the survivors (Australia's farmland is actually pretty fertile, but I wouldn't want to shunt all our population onto it 24/7 - the high disease and famine deaths that wrack any nation after a nuclear war are also a blessing, if they hit the right population groups and leave workers and farmers alive, since they reduce the strain on domestic food and fuel production significantly.)
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Re: Articles: "Nuclear Warfare 101".

Post by Lonestar »

Iosef Cross wrote:
The Japanese recovery was from the war itself.

The Atomic bombs were only a small factor in the total destruction caused by war. Conventional bombings caused a greater damage to Japan than those 2 atomic bombs, with killed only 0.2% of Japan's population (not 2% as I have said before, 140,000 out of 70 million is 0.2%) and destroyed perhaps 0.5% of Japan's urbanized areas (20 square kilometers, out of the around 3-4 thousand square kilometers of urban area).
You managed to completely miss my point.

The reason why Japan managed to recover at all(much less prosper) is because after WW2 you still had major industrial powers that were able to:
(1)trade with Japan
(2)provide direct subsidies to Japan in the form of local firms supporting the occupation forces(another good comparision would be Germany immediately after WW2. If you go to the Mercedes-Benz museum in Stuttgart it attributes the company's recovery to contract work for the occupation forces), goods produced for the UN effort in Korea, and infastructure improvements for the occupation forces.
(3)Indirect subsidies in the form of Japan not having to spend a whole hell of a lot on their military, as the presence of American forces provides a "tripwire" putting them under the American nuclear umbrella.

Now, if there is a widespread nuclear war where Europe, East Asia, and North America got devastated that whole support structure does not exist.

Brazil has no one to sell crops(rubber, coffee, sugar) too. It has no one to sell manufactured goods(not that they could build those manufactured goods, since even major components like engines for Embraer jets are made in the damaged areas), and it can't import the stuff that it doesn't make.

The analogy with Japan post WW2 and Brazil post nuclear war is so flawed it isn't even funny.
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Re: Articles: "Nuclear Warfare 101".

Post by His Divine Shadow »

cosmicalstorm wrote:The Australian scenario is utterly depressing. I wonder what would happen to Sweden? :?
I for one wonder about Finland. Given how close we are to Russia. Would be left alone or would we get thwapped for good measure?
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Re: Articles: "Nuclear Warfare 101".

Post by Stuart »

loomer wrote:I see you haven't cited a source, Iosef. I DEMAND IT OR I DEMAND BLOOD, COCKSUCKER! Prove Stuart's study was overblown with a properly sourced essay or article, or retract your statement!
Just to clarify a point; the study in question was conducted by the Australian Defense Forces. The bit I quoted was from the public-accessible summary (as far as I can determine, it's not on the web but it is available as a defense white paper). I agree with its contents (otherwise I'd not have quoted them) but I didn't generate the report.
Iosef Cross wrote: There will be electronic engineers alive in the post nuclear world. They will be able to supply the necessary components to prevent breakdowns in basic electronics.
You're missing the point completely. W here do they get raw materials? Spare parts for existing equipment? Technology design art? Construction facilities? Machine tools to equip same? There's a whole world more to this that just having a few electronic engineers and some component assembly plants. At best, you can keep some key equipment running until the spares run out.
These countries have comparative advantage in producing this equipment. That doesn't mean that it is impossible for other countries to produce it, only that it is cheaper to import it. Yes, without such equipment we would have to regress in technology several decades back in many items.
No, it means that you don't have the facilities to produce the equipment and without them you're screwed. What is more, you can't build them because the source of the equipment to build them has gone. Brazil has a disastrous history of trying to build industry internally; most of the efforts have been miserable failures. Need I mention what your nuclear program looks like after 40 years of investment?
They manufactured computers here in the 80's, because there were barriers to import computers, with the idea of creating a domestic computer industry. These computers were inferior to the world average and had several times the price. In 1990, the barriers to import computers were lifted and the domestic manufacturers went bankrupt. In the scenario were the outside world collapsed this market would be "protected" again.
Didn't "manufacture" computers; they assembled computers. The key bits were imported and the program was still a failure only supported by import restrictions. Protect the industry again post-laydown and you have a protected market for an abacus
The area physically destroyed by atomic bombs would be small. Se: http://www.stardestroyer.net/Resources/ ... sions.html, a radius of widespread destruction of only 2.7 kilometers. Basic industrial equipment is easy to produce. Anyway, they wouldn't probably lose much industrial equipment, since the 50 k atomic bombs wouldn't destroy much more than the financial centers of their 3 biggest cities. Probable total fatalities would be 300 k, or 1.5% of the population of Australia.


You would be well advised not to talk about things you know nothing about. You've already made yourself look a complete idiot by talking of "thousands of Chinese nuclear weapons". You're making yourself look a fool again.

For your information, the DHS made the following estimates of damage from terrorist attacks on the USA.

A nuclear explosion in a major urban center using a 12.5 kiloton device

• 52,000 immediate deaths from heat and blast.

• 238,000 people exposed to direct radiation, of which 10,000 would die and 44,000 would suffer acute radiation sickness.

• 1.5 million people would be exposed to radioactive fallout in the following few days – in the absence of effective evacuation or sheltering this could kill an additional 200,000 people and cause hundreds of thousands to suffer acute radiation sickness.

The US Dept of Homeland Security estimated in 2005 that a 10 kt nuclear explosion in Washington DC would kill 15,000 and injure 31,000 from blast; kill 190,000 and injure 264,000 from short-term radiation exposure; and cause 49,000 cancer cases, 25,000 of them fatal, from long-term radiation exposure downwind.

(Source: US Dept of Homeland Security, National Planning Scenarios, Scenario 1, 2005)

That's with the rest of the country intact and able to rush aid to the point of attack. Australia has a major internal program in shifting resources around. Effectively each city would be on its own.
Iosef Cross wrote: However, it is absurd to say that South America would regress to medieval levels of development without the northern hemisphere.
Strawman argument. Nobody said medieval. The estimate we're arguing over is 19th century to 17th/18th century. An industry based on coal and iron resources is 19th century. Effectively it is a steam economy. Such an economy without significant internal trade is a 17th/18th century economy. The great difficulty isn't knowledge, it's applying it. That is, ina way, what distinguises a 17th century economy from an earlier one - the knowledge is there but there is no means of applying it. As I've said, we can debate at length over whether the regression would be to 19th century levels or 18th century levels and to some extent that's a non-argument because the two could easily co-exist with which category is where depending on circumstances. Nobody mentioned medieval era.
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Re: Articles: "Nuclear Warfare 101".

Post by Fingolfin_Noldor »

Quite a bit of Japan's educated class survived WWII. Many of the brands we now know like Honda etc. were started after World War II. Even Japan's optics industry survived, which is why Canon and Nikon and other Japanese branded cameras can come to dominate the camera world. (And an added note, Germany's optics industry also survived. The only thing is, many of these companies didn't survive the digital revolution.).

Heck, even Mitsubishi heavy industries survived the war. Not everything in Japan was reduced to mere cinders, mind you.
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Re: Articles: "Nuclear Warfare 101".

Post by bz249 »

Markets would also be a problem, our modern manufacturing methods use highly automatized assembly of standardized parts. However such thing require production series in the millions. Typically a few factory would provide the certain stuff for a continent. So in such a doomsday scenario:

- it is highly probable that the factory or one of the key suppliers is gone, so the continent/country is no longer able to produce washing machines
- even it is not gone and have every suppliers intact it is still worth shit, since it is designed to produce 10.000.000 washing machines yearly and there is no reasonable way to cut back production to the 10.000 fits the current demand (the only option is to do production for two days and then send the workers home, which is highly inefficient)

So even if some unnoticed Third World country could go on self-sufficient, there is no way to save the current high labour productivity automatized industry (even if the machines are available). That alone would drastically reduce standards.
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Re: Articles: "Nuclear Warfare 101".

Post by Iosef Cross »

Stas Bush wrote:I ask once again, did Brazil IMPORT semiconductors to make computers at home, or did they have the entire production chain from raw materials to final product?
I don't know for sure. I would guess that they imported semiconductors.
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Re: Articles: "Nuclear Warfare 101".

Post by Serafina »

Iosef Cross wrote:
Stas Bush wrote:I ask once again, did Brazil IMPORT semiconductors to make computers at home, or did they have the entire production chain from raw materials to final product?
I don't know for sure. I would guess that they imported semiconductors.
Which means that they can not produce them locally. Which means that they can not produce computers on their own locally.
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Re: Articles: "Nuclear Warfare 101".

Post by Iosef Cross »

Lonestar wrote:
Iosef Cross wrote:
The Japanese recovery was from the war itself.

The Atomic bombs were only a small factor in the total destruction caused by war. Conventional bombings caused a greater damage to Japan than those 2 atomic bombs, with killed only 0.2% of Japan's population (not 2% as I have said before, 140,000 out of 70 million is 0.2%) and destroyed perhaps 0.5% of Japan's urbanized areas (20 square kilometers, out of the around 3-4 thousand square kilometers of urban area).
You managed to completely miss my point.
Maybe because I didn't think that your point makes much sense.
The reason why Japan managed to recover at all(much less prosper) is because after WW2 you still had major industrial powers that were able to:
(1)trade with Japan
(2)provide direct subsidies to Japan in the form of local firms supporting the occupation forces(another good comparision would be Germany immediately after WW2. If you go to the Mercedes-Benz museum in Stuttgart it attributes the company's recovery to contract work for the occupation forces), goods produced for the UN effort in Korea, and infastructure improvements for the occupation forces.
(3)Indirect subsidies in the form of Japan not having to spend a whole hell of a lot on their military, as the presence of American forces provides a "tripwire" putting them under the American nuclear umbrella.

Now, if there is a widespread nuclear war where Europe, East Asia, and North America got devastated that whole support structure does not exist.
If Australia got devastated, there would exist a support structure in the countries that weren't devastated. The southern hemisphere would provide goods and services that Australia needed.

The southern hemisphere today has about the same GDP as the world had in 1950, second to Maddison's estimates. If the world could help Japan in 1945, the southern hemisphere today can help Australia.
Brazil has no one to sell crops(rubber, coffee, sugar) too.
There are the markets in the southern hemisphere.
It has no one to sell manufactured goods(not that they could build those manufactured goods, since even major components like engines for Embraer jets are made in the damaged areas), and it can't import the stuff that it doesn't make.

The analogy with Japan post WW2 and Brazil post nuclear war is so flawed it isn't even funny.
I meant Australia in this case. Also, Brazil would have much more conditions of becoming self sufficient than Japan had in 1940's.

Why?

1- They have more natural resources (that a given).
2- They have greater human capital (Brazil had more human capital than any country in the world in the 40's).
3- Greater population (190 million to Japan's 70 million in the 40's)
4- Greater industry base, Brazil today produces 3.2 million motor vehicles per year, while Japan produced 50 thousand in the late 30's.

The US was pretty much self sufficient in the 40's. Brazil today has about the same characteristics than the US had in 1940.
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Re: Articles: "Nuclear Warfare 101".

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Serafina wrote:
Iosef Cross wrote:
Stas Bush wrote:I ask once again, did Brazil IMPORT semiconductors to make computers at home, or did they have the entire production chain from raw materials to final product?
I don't know for sure. I would guess that they imported semiconductors.
Which means that they can not produce them locally. Which means that they can not produce computers on their own locally.
They would have to build a semi conductor plant.

However, the southern hemisphere there are probably semiconductor plants in Indonesia.
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Re: Articles: "Nuclear Warfare 101".

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bz249 wrote:Markets would also be a problem, our modern manufacturing methods use highly automatized assembly of standardized parts. However such thing require production series in the millions. Typically a few factory would provide the certain stuff for a continent. So in such a doomsday scenario:

- it is highly probable that the factory or one of the key suppliers is gone, so the continent/country is no longer able to produce washing machines
- even it is not gone and have every suppliers intact it is still worth shit, since it is designed to produce 10.000.000 washing machines yearly and there is no reasonable way to cut back production to the 10.000 fits the current demand (the only option is to do production for two days and then send the workers home, which is highly inefficient)
The southern hemisphere is a big market, with a total GDP of nearly 10 trillion dollars, South America alone has a total GDP of 3 trillion dollars at market exchange rates and of more than 4 trillion at PPP exchange rates.
So even if some unnoticed Third World country could go on self-sufficient, there is no way to save the crrent high labour productivity automatized industry (even if the machines are available). That alone would drastically reduce standards.
Actually, even if the modern electronics industry dies with WW3, a country of middle income level like Brazil can sustain current levels of productivity because Brazil's levels of productivity are about the same as the US in 1940. And the US in 1940 managed to get by without modern electronics.

In other words, the current level of labor productivity reached in Brazil is not at the technological frontier, and hence, doesn't depend on cutting edge technology to exist.
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Re: Articles: "Nuclear Warfare 101".

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Stuart wrote:
loomer wrote:I see you haven't cited a source, Iosef. I DEMAND IT OR I DEMAND BLOOD, COCKSUCKER! Prove Stuart's study was overblown with a properly sourced essay or article, or retract your statement!
Just to clarify a point; the study in question was conducted by the Australian Defense Forces. The bit I quoted was from the public-accessible summary (as far as I can determine, it's not on the web but it is available as a defense white paper). I agree with its contents (otherwise I'd not have quoted them) but I didn't generate the report.
All right.
Iosef Cross wrote: There will be electronic engineers alive in the post nuclear world. They will be able to supply the necessary components to prevent breakdowns in basic electronics.
You're missing the point completely. W here do they get raw materials? Spare parts for existing equipment? Technology design art? Construction facilities? Machine tools to equip same? There's a whole world more to this that just having a few electronic engineers and some component assembly plants. At best, you can keep some key equipment running until the spares run out.
Brazil today produces about 80% of their machine tools. So, they can maintain a basic industrial infrastructure.

Brazil's machine tool industry started in the 1930's. So, we have been producing machine tools since your father was a child. The industry started in the 1930's because of the great depression.

With the great depression your exports were drastically reduced and we didn't have the capacity to import capital goods. As result, a domestic capital goods industry emerged. By the 30's Brazil was already producing machine tools and spare parts for cars and stuff.
These countries have comparative advantage in producing this equipment. That doesn't mean that it is impossible for other countries to produce it, only that it is cheaper to import it. Yes, without such equipment we would have to regress in technology several decades back in many items.
No, it means that you don't have the facilities to produce the equipment and without them you're screwed. What is more, you can't build them because the source of the equipment to build them has gone. Brazil has a disastrous history of trying to build industry internally; most of the efforts have been miserable failures. Need I mention what your nuclear program looks like after 40 years of investment?
Today Brazil has the largest industry of the southern hemisphere and the most complete industrial plant of the Americas second to the US. Only the US, Japan, Germany, China, Italy, France and Britain have a larger industrial park (and I would guess than Britain has a less complete industrial park). This industrial park was mostly build between 1930 and 1980.

In the period from 1950 to 1980 industrial production increased at the average rate of 8-9% per year. With the development of capital goods industry, intermediary goods industry, non durable and durable consumer goods
The area physically destroyed by atomic bombs would be small. Se: http://www.stardestroyer.net/Resources/ ... sions.html, a radius of widespread destruction of only 2.7 kilometers. Basic industrial equipment is easy to produce. Anyway, they wouldn't probably lose much industrial equipment, since the 50 k atomic bombs wouldn't destroy much more than the financial centers of their 3 biggest cities. Probable total fatalities would be 300 k, or 1.5% of the population of Australia.


You would be well advised not to talk about things you know nothing about. You've already made yourself look a complete idiot by talking of "thousands of Chinese nuclear weapons". You're making yourself look a fool again.
Well, you said that "australia would take decades to recover" from a nuclear attack of 3 50kt bombs. I would say that you are talking about something that you don't know as well. Nations are quite robust to physical destruction, in some ways economic problems produce worse economic effects than total war in the long run development of civilization.

Everybody always talks about what they don't have a PHD on. Here in this topic I have seem absurd ignorant statements like that the world would return to the 17 century without Europe, US, China and Russia. These statements are based on a great deal of ignorance and stupidity, and to call me an idiot because I disagree with them is to be an idiot.

Although I admit that the study you posted is far above the level of the other posts. However, my complains about it aren't aggressive or absurd.

My notions that this study is a bit exaggerated have foundation on my readings of cataclysmic events like WW2.
For your information, the DHS made the following estimates of damage from terrorist attacks on the USA.

A nuclear explosion in a major urban center using a 12.5 kiloton device

• 52,000 immediate deaths from heat and blast.

• 238,000 people exposed to direct radiation, of which 10,000 would die and 44,000 would suffer acute radiation sickness.

• 1.5 million people would be exposed to radioactive fallout in the following few days – in the absence of effective evacuation or sheltering this could kill an additional 200,000 people and cause hundreds of thousands to suffer acute radiation sickness.

The US Dept of Homeland Security estimated in 2005 that a 10 kt nuclear explosion in Washington DC would kill 15,000 and injure 31,000 from blast; kill 190,000 and injure 264,000 from short-term radiation exposure; and cause 49,000 cancer cases, 25,000 of them fatal, from long-term radiation exposure downwind.

(Source: US Dept of Homeland Security, National Planning Scenarios, Scenario 1, 2005)
Yep. That's about what happened in Hiroshima and Nagasaki. I don't think however, that a few of explosions like this could knock down a country as bad as these studies say.
Iosef Cross wrote: However, it is absurd to say that South America would regress to medieval levels of development without the northern hemisphere.
Strawman argument. Nobody said medieval. The estimate we're arguing over is 19th century to 17th/18th century. An industry based on coal and iron resources is 19th century. Effectively it is a steam economy. Such an economy without significant internal trade is a 17th/18th century economy. The great difficulty isn't knowledge, it's applying it. That is, ina way, what distinguises a 17th century economy from an earlier one - the knowledge is there but there is no means of applying it. As I've said, we can debate at length over whether the regression would be to 19th century levels or 18th century levels and to some extent that's a non-argument because the two could easily co-exist with which category is where depending on circumstances. Nobody mentioned medieval era.
[/quote]

Both are wrong.

The world of 1850 had only 3 cities of over 1 million people, London, Paris and Beijing. London was the largest city in the world and it had 2.4 million people. Brazil alone has 15 cities of over 1 million and 2 cities of over 9 million, Rio de Janeiro has 9 million and São Paulo has 18 million. Buenos Aires in Argentina has 12 million.

The most urbanized country in the world in 1850 had 50% of its population living in cities

Second to Angus Maddison's estimates, the world in 1850 had a GDP of 1.1 trillion, today Latin America has 4.05 trillion in GDP. (source: http://www.ggdc.net/maddison/)

The world today is much more industrialized than people living in Western Europe and the US appear to think.

Brazil today for example, would be the richest and most developed country in the world if were transported back in time in 1940.

Mexico today is richer than the US was in 1930.
Last edited by Iosef Cross on 2010-06-14 04:43pm, edited 1 time in total.
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