He Built a Windmill. In a Cave. WITH A BOX OF SCRAPS!

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He Built a Windmill. In a Cave. WITH A BOX OF SCRAPS!

Post by Broomstick »

I want to nominate this guy for a Tony Stark Award.

OK, he wasn't in a cave, "just" a third world country racked by famine, war, disease, poverty, and all kinds of suck. So what did this kid do? He electrified the town with windpower. He made working, electricity-generating windmills out of junk.

(It also shows why knowing how to read and free libraries are important. But really, we need more people like this)

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William Kamkwamba dreamed of powering his village with the only resource that was freely available to him.

His native Malawi had gone through one of its worst droughts seven years ago, killing thousands. His family and others were surviving on one meal a day. The red soil in his Masitala hometown was parched, leaving his father, a farmer, without any income.

But amid all the shortages, one thing was still abundant.

Wind.

"I wanted to do something to help and change things," he said. "Then I said to myself, 'If they can make electricity out of wind, I can try, too.'"

Kamkwamba was kicked out of school when he couldn't pay $80 in school fees, and he spent his days at the library, where a book with photographs of windmills caught his eye.

"I thought, this thing exists in this book, it means someone else managed to build this machine," he said.


Armed with the book, the then-14-year-old taught himself to build windmills. He scoured through junkyards for items, including bicycle parts, plastic pipes, tractor fans and car batteries. For the tower, he collected wood from blue-gum trees.

"Everyone laughed at me when I told them I was building a windmill. They thought I was crazy," he said. "Then I started telling them I was just playing with the parts. That sounded more normal."

That was 2002. Now, he has five windmills, the tallest at 37 feet. He built one at an area school that he used to teach classes on windmill-building.

The windmills generate electricity and pump water in his hometown, north of the capital, Lilongwe. Neighbors regularly trek across the dusty footpaths to his house to charge their cellphones. Others stop by to listen to Malawian reggae music blaring from a radio.

When he started building the first windmill in 2002, word that he was "crazy" spread all over his village. Some people said he was bewitched -- a common description for people with perplexing behavior in some African cultures.

"All of us, even my mother, thought that he had gone mad," said his sister Doris Kamkwamba.

Villagers would surround him to snicker and point, Kamkwamba said. Ignoring them, he would quietly bolt pieces using a screwdriver made of a heated nail attached to a corncob. The heat -- from both the crowd and the melted, flattened pipes he used as blades -- did not deter him.

Three months later, his first windmill churned to life as relief swept over him. As the blades whirled, a bulb attached to the windmill flickered on.

"I wanted to finish it just to prove them wrong," he said. "I knew people would then stop thinking I was crazy."

Kamkwamba, now 22, is a student at the African Leadership Academy, an elite South African school for young leaders. Donors pay for his education.

His story has turned him into a globetrotter. Former U.S. Vice President Al Gore, an avid advocate of green living, has applauded his work. Kamkwamba is invited to events worldwide to share his experience with entrepreneurs. During a recent trip to Palm Springs, California, he saw a real windmill for the first time -- lofty and majestic -- a far cry from the wobbly, wooden structures that spin in his backyard.

Former Associated Press correspondent Bryan Mealer, who covered Africa, wrote a book, "The Boy Who Harnessed the Wind," after hearing Kamkwamba's story. The book was released in the United States last week.

Mealer, a native of San Antonio, Texas, said he lived with Kamkwamba in his village for months to write the book. The story was a refreshing change after years of covering bloody conflicts in the region, Mealer said.

Kamkwamba is part of a generation of Africans who are not waiting for their governments or aid groups to come to their rescue, according to the author.

"They are seizing opportunities and technology, and finding solutions to their own problems," Mealer said. "One of the keys of his success is ... he's never wanted to rest on his laurels."
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Re: He Built a Windmill. In a Cave. WITH A BOX OF SCRAPS!

Post by Norade »

This young man just goes to show why we are what we are. He took nothing but the things everybody else took for granted and made them into something much more. It is that kind of thinking that drove primitive man to harness fire, to build tools, and to reach for things beyond what nature gave him. It is this sort of tale that gives me hope for our race, that in spite of the corporations raping the land and the people we will someday land among the stars.
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Re: He Built a Windmill. In a Cave. WITH A BOX OF SCRAPS!

Post by Zor »

Definately this guy is worthy of praise for using what limited resources he had to improve the standards of living for those around him through technical ability.

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Re: He Built a Windmill. In a Cave. WITH A BOX OF SCRAPS!

Post by ShadowDragon8685 »

Um... Yeah, I'll second that Tony Stark Nomination there. That's as good as in a cave, and definitely analogous to with a box of scraps.

Wow. o.0
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Re: He Built a Windmill. In a Cave. WITH A BOX OF SCRAPS!

Post by eion »

He made his own screwdriver with a corncob and a nail.

Just, wow.
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Re: He Built a Windmill. In a Cave. WITH A BOX OF SCRAPS!

Post by aieeegrunt »

Truly awesome. Compare and contrast with the effort it takes to get a windmill up and running in our world.
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Re: He Built a Windmill. In a Cave. WITH A BOX OF SCRAPS!

Post by Sea Skimmer »

Local people said he was bewitched and crazy; that tells a lot about why central Africa is so perpetually shitty.
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Re: He Built a Windmill. In a Cave. WITH A BOX OF SCRAPS!

Post by Ilya Muromets »

Necessity is the mother of invention, but it helps if you're motivated and creative.

It's the little stuff like this that're always refreshing after all the other depressing crap on the news.
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Re: He Built a Windmill. In a Cave. WITH A BOX OF SCRAPS!

Post by Broomstick »

Sea Skimmer wrote:Local people said he was bewitched and crazy; that tells a lot about why central Africa is so perpetually shitty.
Yeah, and he was smart enough to come with an excuse they'd accept.

Funny, though - no one now seems opposed to the witchy-electricity!
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Re: He Built a Windmill. In a Cave. WITH A BOX OF SCRAPS!

Post by Zixinus »

Interesting note that I get the hint that he uses skills handed down to him trough family: stuff like hardening stuff with fire, how to chop a tree to build a structure, etc.

Yeah, we need a Tony Stark award and he should get the first prize.
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Re: He Built a Windmill. In a Cave. WITH A BOX OF SCRAPS!

Post by PaperJack »

I admire that young man, going against his whole community and family in order to pursuit a better life and succeeding.
This shows that if you put effort in what you do, you can go a great way.
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Re: He Built a Windmill. In a Cave. WITH A BOX OF SCRAPS!

Post by kouchpotato »

Kudos to that guy. If he can build a working windmill capable of generating energy with no real tools and nothing but scrap, why does it seem so hard to get windmills put up here?
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Re: He Built a Windmill. In a Cave. WITH A BOX OF SCRAPS!

Post by Sarevok »

Because windmills generating more than a few watts are BIG.
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Re: He Built a Windmill. In a Cave. WITH A BOX OF SCRAPS!

Post by Broomstick »

I don't think the average person really understands just how much power the average western household uses.

When I was in school a couple of my science teachers had handcrank generators where the average flabby student could, with a few minutes of frantic cranking, get a spark of light out of an incandescent bulb. The McDonald Science center in St. Louis had a bicycle-driven generator that allowed you to do the same. But the typical person could only last a few minutes at it.

Now, go count up every lightbulb in your house. Every TV, computer, kitchen appliance. Then there are the pumps that drive water through your house....

This young man was building windmills to power just a couple lightbulbs, for people who hadn't gotten used to having lighting 24/7 at the flip of a switch. Just enough power to charge a few cellphones, or one radio. Very, very minimal power requirements by 21st Century Western standards.

But here in the US (to use the example I'm most familiar with) we don't want just one dim bulb of low wattage, we want to light up our living spaces like daylight. We don't want a water pump to replicate what you get from a handpump, we want high pressure water, and we want some of it heated, dammit!

The problem with renewable power sources isn't just the on-again off-again nature of some of them, or how much you can generate per unit of time, but also how great consumer demand is.

After all, if we were happy to go along the ground at 10-20 mph we could cheerfully use human-powered transportation (i.e. "bicycles") but we aren't. We want to go FAST! And carry LOTS OF STUFF!

Which in no way diminishes what this man did - he electrified a village that was without electricity using other peoples' discards. What I'm hoping is that with more advanced materials and techniques he'd be able to increase the efficiency of his designs to the point they'd keep power-greedy westerners happy.

Actually, another obstacle in the west is that our infrastructure is committed to a different power and delivery system. My Other Half has been trying to convince our landlord to get a wind-powered generator a.k.a. "windmill" for our building. Sure, there's a cost, but between government incentives and being able to escape the power company bills it'll result in long-term break-even or payoff. Except Landlord has a mindset that it won't work. He's claimed installation of such is illegal in our area (it isn't - Other Half did the research), and he doesn't understand the technology. Now, it's not beyond his comprehension, but he's of a different generation and stuck n his ways.

But let's say I did get an abode that's off the grid - now I have to maintain the equipment. There's a substantial infrastructure in the west to maintain the 20th Century power systems, including specialized professions one can call to come out and fix your house when it's needed. But the local utilities, while willing to fix a downed powerline, won't come fix your windmill. Lot fewer repair guys for those.

So, ironically, it may be the Third World that takes the lead in some of this. Solar-powered lighting, for example, and windmill electricity, and small scale methane generation and use because, first of all, there's no prior commitment to a different power source, fewer local ordinances to navigate, fewer entrenched mindsets to overcome. After all, if you build a working windmill in Africa you're hailed a hero - if you did it in my neighborhood you'd probably be issued a ticket for an eyesore and lack of a building permit.
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Re: He Built a Windmill. In a Cave. WITH A BOX OF SCRAPS!

Post by Liberty »

Here is some background info on the whole witch thing. Not the same country (Nigeria rather than Malawi), but it can't be that much different:
http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2007/de ... heobserver

Also, why can't more people be like this guy?
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Re: He Built a Windmill. In a Cave. WITH A BOX OF SCRAPS!

Post by Broomstick »

Well, yeah, actually it CAN be that different - it's a little like saying Ireland and Bulgaria are the same thing.

Which is not to diminish the problem of witchcraft accusations anywhere in Africa.

However, I suspect the Nigeria phenomena is connected in part to the Yoruban "abiku", or children predestined to die. As told to me, the abiku is a spirit that goes down to earth and is born as a human child, but fully intends to go back to heaven (or wherever it came from) prior to adulthood and meanwhile is prone to mischief. A sort of changeling, if you will. The version of the myth I've heard most often is that if you can keep the abiku on earth past its predestined time of death it becomes a human being. Traditionally, this was done by putting iron "shackles" on the child (symbolic anklets made of iron, not really used as shackles) to bind the spirit to the earth. After it's determined the abiku has stayed long enough to be human the shackles are left in a shrine. I've seen pictures of such shrines that not only are filled with these iron ankelts, but some of them were pretty big, adult sized!, even.

It's possible that this belief in children destined to die is also connected to the high rate of sickle-cell trait in Nigerian, which until recently resulted in significant child mortality either from sickle cell (for those getting two copies of the gene) or vulnerability to malaria (for those that receive no copies of the trait)

Anyhow, I could see how a folk belief about mischievous child-shaped spirits could morph into a belief about children as witches. In the old religion the abiku was something that could be controlled and made human - it may be that under the version of "Christianity" vomited by some of these scummy preachers the children who might have been seen as abiku are now seen as irredeemably evil and thus should be cast out and/or destroyed rather than "shackled" until fully human. In Yoruban folkways iron is also seen as powerful and useful for binding/fighting spirits which makes me wonder about the children with iron nails being pounded into their heads. Or maybe it was just the weapon that was handy at the time. What a mess.

Oddly enough, the abiku did not travel with the Yoruban religion - Ife, the old Yoruban religion, wound up being the foundation of both Voodoun/Voodoo and Santeria, but neither of the New World descendant incorporated the abiku concept. Again, if the abiku meme is connected to high infant mortality due to regional conditions or traits that makes some sense.

Anyhow - Malawi does have malaria and the sickle cell trait, but not nearly to the extent Nigeria does. Nigeria is on the west coast of Africa, Malawi much closer to the east. The dominant variety of Christianity in Malawi is Roman Catholic which has many flaws but is not, at present, encouraging witch hunts. The problem in Ngeria is that there ARE people encouraging witch hunts. Malawi's problem is that most of the people are essentially without education and thus do not understand much, if anything, outside their immediate experience which may make them fearful, but there is no organized group benefiting from pursuing/killing those who don't toe the social line. Nigeria, apparently, IS having a problem with people profiting off marginalizing or even killing vulnerable members of the population.

Malawi's problems are amenable to education and improving infrastructure - no small task in a country very densely populated and dependent on subsistence agriculture. Nigeria's problems are linked to an elite raping the country of resources and wealth while leaving most of the population to exploitation and preachers practicing divide and conquer amongst their own as means to achieve wealth and power. Malawi is a shithole because it's dirt poor. Nigeria is a shithole due to actual human malice.
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If a free society cannot help the many who are poor, it cannot save the few who are rich. - John F. Kennedy

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Re: He Built a Windmill. In a Cave. WITH A BOX OF SCRAPS!

Post by Sky Captain »

It would be interesting to know what kind of generator he has connected to the wind turbine. When I was as teenager I had a homebuilt wooden 2,5 m diameter wind turbine connected via belt drive to generator taken from old car. It could produce approximately 0,5 kW of power when wind was averaging ~10 m/s which unfortunately is relatively rare in our area.

As far as building the thing what probably makes this case remarkable is with how limited resources he pulled it off, because otherwise making a cheap homemede wind turbine that can on windy days power some car headlight bulbs, radio and small tv set isn't particularity difficult if you have access to proper tools, some wood boards, tall tree trunk and old car.
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Re: He Built a Windmill. In a Cave. WITH A BOX OF SCRAPS!

Post by Mayabird »

We're all impressed with the electricity generation but in the big scheme of things, the fact that the windmills are pumping water for them is probably more important.

The best part I think isn't just that he built it, but that he's now teaching other people how to do it as well. Only so much that one person can do, after all. A few times, it's just a neat trick. Enough of them and you actually have a start at infrastructure.
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Re: He Built a Windmill. In a Cave. WITH A BOX OF SCRAPS!

Post by Broomstick »

Hmm... I don't know about that. Yes, pumping water is a good thing, but electric lights also mean fewer injuries from falling in the dark, and fewer deaths and maimings from fires started by candles or oil lamps handled carelessly. It's been so long since some of us have lived without electricity that we've forgotten how many people were harmed or killed by such simple things.
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Re: He Built a Windmill. In a Cave. WITH A BOX OF SCRAPS!

Post by Mayabird »

More than the number of people who get diseases from contaminated surface water they were drinking for lack of any alternatives? Even if it doesn't kill them, it'll incapacitate them or at least slow them down, and they can ill afford medicine or the lack of work. Saves time too, since they don't have to walk long distances to find water and can get it right in their village.

Not saying electricity isn't a good thing, but water does come first.
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Re: He Built a Windmill. In a Cave. WITH A BOX OF SCRAPS!

Post by Kristoff »

English is my second language - please help me by pointing out my errors (preferably politely) so I can continue to improve.
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Re: He Built a Windmill. In a Cave. WITH A BOX OF SCRAPS!

Post by Sarevok »

Hmm.... Are we sure he can make lights work with his wind mills ? That would require some batteries and batteries dont come cheap for impoverished people.
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Re: He Built a Windmill. In a Cave. WITH A BOX OF SCRAPS!

Post by salm »

Mayabird wrote:Saves time too, since they don't have to walk long distances to find water and can get it right in their village.
According to a friend who works as a foreign aid worker for the DED in Uganda bringing water into the villages isn´t as great as it sounds for social reasons.
They (the foreign aid organisation) built a whole bunch of wells within the villages and they weren´t accepted. That is because traditionally the women get the water from the wells and apparently that´s the only way for the women to be among themselves with the guys annoying them.
So after these wells inside the villages failing they dug new ones further away.
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Re: He Built a Windmill. In a Cave. WITH A BOX OF SCRAPS!

Post by CaptainChewbacca »

Sarevok wrote:Hmm.... Are we sure he can make lights work with his wind mills ? That would require some batteries and batteries dont come cheap for impoverished people.
He doesn't need batteries. He could be running them directly off the generator. Or he could be using a car battery, one of thoswe wouldn't be TOO hard to get.
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Re: He Built a Windmill. In a Cave. WITH A BOX OF SCRAPS!

Post by Broomstick »

>sigh<

Read the article, guys:
Armed with the book, the then-14-year-old taught himself to build windmills. He scoured through junkyards for items, including bicycle parts, plastic pipes, tractor fans and car batteries. For the tower, he collected wood from blue-gum trees.
A life is like a garden. Perfect moments can be had, but not preserved, except in memory. Leonard Nimoy.

Now I did a job. I got nothing but trouble since I did it, not to mention more than a few unkind words as regard to my character so let me make this abundantly clear. I do the job. And then I get paid.- Malcolm Reynolds, Captain of Serenity, which sums up my feelings regarding the lawsuit discussed here.

If a free society cannot help the many who are poor, it cannot save the few who are rich. - John F. Kennedy

Sam Vimes Theory of Economic Injustice
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