Good question...Darth Yan wrote:how did joan kick off nationalism
See, back in her day, France was kinda torn to bits between the kings and territorial barons. This weakness, among other factors, caused France to be a lot more vulnerable to English invasion than it should have been. The peasants tried to be loyal to both kings and lords, but it kinda caused more indecision than helped.
So along comes this peasant girl, who pledges fealty to nobody but the King, France, and God, and starts uniting the battered French armies into a fighting force. Because of her, people paid less heed to the feudal nobility than the symbol of the country itself - the King. To wit; Burgundy was a French duchy allied to the English, and other duchies were either gobbled up by the invaders or wasting their strength in intrigue amongst themselves. So when Joan came along and told them to shape up or ship out, the commoners listened, and started pledging allegiance to France as a single entity rather than to the separate houses of nobility.
So even when they gave Joan a kangaroo court and burned her at the stake, her legacy lived on. She was the first French commander to fight the English successfully in over 100 years, and she became a role model and martyr for the cause. After that, France was effectively a single political entity after it retook its territory from the English rapidly, and ever since then it became a great power in Europe. Trust me when I say that whatever happened, France was considered a major political or military power in Europe up until Napoleon pissed away its strength against Russia in 1812, the start of the long decline.
So for 400 years, from the 15th to the 19th centuries, France was strong because it believed in itself as a nation, not a collection of feudal lords. Hence, Nationalism.
Of course, I'm guessing others can explain it better than I did, but I did my best...