TES-3 Mobile Atomic Power Plant.

[MKSheppard]

Stas, would you be kind enough to translate the "good" bits of this?

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[MKSheppard]

This is the english Abstract:

A portable atomic power plant TES-3 By N. M. Sinev et al.

This paper describes the portable power station TES-3 now in operation in Obninsk. The main equipment for TES-3 fits on four transporters. The plant is designed on the double cycle principle with a water-moderated heterogeneous 11 MW(th) reactor, cooled by water at 130atm(a). In the once-through boilers, steam at 20 atm (a) and 285 CC is produced sufficient to give a power output of about 2 000 kW at the turbine shaft. For the condenser 900 t/h of cooling water is required. The lifetime of the core is about a year.

The equipment, including the reactor, can be transported by means of motor vehicles to a new location of operation. For this purpose the reactor is provided partly with removable shielding which can be dismantled within several hours of shut-down with a partially or fully burned-up core. During transport the reactor is cooled down by means of an air radiator.

Additional shielding consisting of local materials (reinforced concrete, sand) is used when the reactor is stationary and in operation. The reactor core can be replaced with the help of a 25 t crane under field conditions without removal of the reactor vessel top cover. The paper includes the following sections:

(a) Characteristics of the station. Over-all description. Layout of the system and choice of parameters of the thermodynamic cycle. Description of the main components of the station. Equipment trials on the test-bench. Works test of the whole plant. Assembly, start-up and commissioning.

(b) Physical characteristics of the reactor. Fuel loading, spare reactivity, xenon-135 poisoning effect, burn-up and fouling, temperature effect, and reactivity absorption by compensation components. Nominal values of these characteristics are given together with the results of measurements carried out on assemblies at divergence and at full power.

(c) Biological shielding. The principles and the nominal characteristics of the biological shielding of a mobile power station are discussed, and the results are given of measurements made on shielding mock-ups as well as the results of an experimental study on the ambient radioactivity in the compartments of the station at start-up and during operation; also, the efficiency of injecting boric acid into the water in the biological shielding vessel is discussed.

(d) Operation of the station. Self-contained operation of the station. Operation of the station under transient conditions, including automatic control. Power balance of the station. Hydraulic conditions in the primary and secondary circuits and the biological shielding vessel; the influence of dissolving boric acid on the radiolysis of the water in the biological shield vessel. Reactor maintenance. Analysis of operational incidents and the means to overcome them.

Conclusion. The significance of the results of operating TES-3. Considerations on the improvement of mobile and transportable power stations with water-cooled and moderated reactors.

[MKSheppard]

From other sources I have:

From scientific search to atomic industry : modern problems of atomic science and technology in the USSR. By: AM Petros’iants

In the Soviet Union problems are studied regarding the use of small-size nuclear power plants for remote regions—regions located far from the power supply systems. Some examples are the areas of the Far North, dense forest corners of Siberia and the Far East. In these places, Diesel-type or thermal power plants are usually erected which are fired by transported liquid or solid fuel.

There are great difficulties connected with delivery of fuel to these regions. Therefore, for these regions small nuclear power plants could be expedient even today.

In the years 1961 through 1963 two small-size nuclear power plants were constructed: the TEhS-3, with a water-cooled and water-moderated reactor, and the ARBUS nuclear power unit, with an organic-cooled and organic-moderated reactor.

TEhS-3 transportable nuclear power plant

The TEhS-3 nuclear power plant, assembled with a large unit and with a water-cooled and water-moderated reactor of 1,500-kw capacity, was put into operation in 1961 in Obninsk.

It is very important that the construction and mounting operations for the nuclear power plants intended for use in remote areas be minimum at the place of operation. In this respect the TEhS-3 plant serves as an example: it was supplied from the manufacturing plant in a state ready for operation.

Practically all the equipment of the TEhS-3 plant is completed in four large units and positioned on four self-driven caterpillar platforms with heated car-type bodies. This makes it possible to operate the TEhS-3 plant without constructing special buildings, and preparation of the construction site is reduced mainly to the arrangement of the biological shielding. The total weight of the TEhS-3 plant equipment is 210 t (Table 5-1).

The weight and dimensions of the self-driven power units faciliates transportation by rail. The operation of the TEhS-3 plant since 1961 has confirmed its reliability, good controlability and easy servicing.

At present the transportable nuclear power plant is used as a research base for creating plants of a similar type.
Table 5-1. Performance of TEhS-3 portable nuclear power plant

Thermal power
8,800 kw

Electrical power
1,500 kw

Thermal efficiency
17 per cent

Coolant
Ordinary water

Coolant flow rate
1,000 m3/hr

Coolant pressure
130 atm

Coolant temperature: at reactor inlet
270° C

at reactor outlet
300"C

Steam parameters: pressure
20 atm

temperature
280°C

Fuel lifetime
250 days

[MKSheppard]

Russian Page on It

Run thru babelfish it gives us:

Transportable power station TES -3


Transportable power station TES -3


Installation TES- z, put into use in 1961, is the prototype of the large-block transportable atomic power plant of low power. It is intended for the accumulation of similar type experimental data, necessary with development mobile atomic power plants, which can be used for the electric power supply of the almost inaccessible and remote regions of the country.

Station is executed according to two-circuit diagram with the heterogeneous water-cooled water-modulated reactor with a heat output of 8,8 thousand kW, water-cooled under the pressure 130 atm(tech) at inlet temperatures of the reactor of 2"shchВ°S and at the output of e00В°S. Expenditure of water in the first outline of installation 320 t/h.

In the reactor core, which has the form of the cylinder with a height of 600 and with a diameter of 660 mm, are placed by 74 the fuel assemblies with highly concentrated uranium. Average thermal load in the reactor is equal to 0,6 В· 106 kkal/(m2 В· h), maximum - 1,3 В· 106 kkal/(m2 В· h). Duration of the reactor lifetime of 250 days, and with the partial preloading of fuel elements - up to 1 year.

The power of the turbogenerator of station 1,5 thousand kW; however, its three steam generators can give vapor by pressure 20 atm(tech) with the temperature of 28shchВ°S in the quantity, sufficient for obtaining the shaft horsepower of turbine to 2 thousand kW.

All the equipment of station is placed to four catepillar self-propelled conveyers. Reactor steam-generator installation find on two self-feed, on two of others - turbogenerator, control panel and accessory equipment. Total weight of the equipment, established on the self-feed, about 210 t.

For the radiation shielding during the work around the first two self-feed the ground relaying is built on the spot for operation. Furthermore, reactor self-feed is supplied with the transported biological protection, which makes it possible to produce installation and disassembly works after only after reactor shutdown, and to also transport reactor with the partially or completely burnt out active region. With the transport cooling reactor is accomplished with the aid of the air cooler, which ensures output to 0,3% of nominal plant capacity.

[MKSheppard]

Another Commie Page



Run thru Babelfish:

AES on the chassis of tank the atomic tanks of different configurations here already flickered) I propose somewhat different view on the problem, I hope that not offtop: Meet - TES -3, it "object 27" or modification on the chassis T -10 Transportable atomic power plant.

One of the modules. Entire their four, they are transported self-propelled tracked gears created on the base T -10. The reactor plant was located on two conveyers, on two of others - turbogenerator, control panel and diverse additional staff, the total weight of equipment was 210 tons. Original tank chassis was udlinneno to 10 road wheels, uvelichina the width of caterpillars, by development by chassis they were occupied in OKB of Kirov plant. Atomic module created in the laboratory "in", now GNTS RF physical-energetic institute in Obninsk, which was there is no time by the center of Soviet studies in the field of atomic power engineering. It was assumed that TESy they will be used for the special electric power supply in the almost inaccessible regions. TES -3 entered the field testing in 1961 and it was intended for "finalizing" of the technologies of creation TES subsequently.

Characteristics of AES itself: several modules TES -3 Station is executed according to two-circuit diagram with the heterogeneous water-cooled water-modulated reactor with a heat output of 8,8 thousand kW, water-cooled under the pressure 130 atm(tech) at inlet temperatures of the reactor of 2"shch°S and at the output of e00°S. Expenditure of water in the first outline of installation 320 t/h. In the reactor core, which has the form of the cylinder with a height of 600 and with a diameter of 660 mm, are placed by 74 the fuel assemblies with highly concentrated uranium. Average thermal load in the reactor is equal to 0,6 · 106 kkal/(m2 · h), maximum - 1,3 · 106 kkal/(m2 · h). Duration of the reactor lifetime of 250 days, and with the partial preloading of fuel elements - up to 1 year. The power of the turbogenerator of station 1,5 thousand kW; however, its three steam generators can give vapor by pressure 20 atm(tech) with the temperature of 28shch°S in the quantity, sufficient for obtaining the shaft horsepower of turbine to 2 thousand kW. For the radiation shielding during the work around the first two self-feed the ground relaying is built on the spot for operation. Furthermore, reactor self-feed is supplied with the transported biological protection, which makes it possible to produce installation and disassembly works after only after reactor shutdown, and to also transport reactor with the partially or completely burnt out active region. With the transport cooling reactor is accomplished with the aid of the air cooler, which ensures output to 0,3% of nominal plant capacity.

[MKSheppard]

From a Russian Wiki:

TES -3 - transportable atomic power plant, transportable to four self-propelled tracked gears, created on the base of heavy tank T -10. TES -3 was developed in the laboratory ' in ' (physical-energetic institute of Obninsk). Chassis (object 27) was developed in OKB of Kirov plant by lengthening the chassis of tank T -10 (and, correspondingly, by an increase in the number of road wheels to 10) and increases in the width of caterpillars for retaining the footprint pressure in the necessary limits. Heat output of the two-circuit heterogeneous water-cooled water-modulated reactor, established on two self-feed - 8,8 MW (electrical, from the generators - 1,5 MW). On other two self-propelled units were located the turbines, generator and other equipment. Besides the use of a tracked gear, also was a possibility of the transport of power station on the RR platforms. TES -3 entered the field testing in 1961. Subsequently program was convoluted. In the 80th years further development the idea of the transportable large-block atomic power plants of low power obtained in the form TES -7 and TES -8.

[MKSheppard]

Damn! Stas, I Russia now.

Link


Along with the TES-3 tracked, the idea was to create a mobile plant at the wheel go. The Institute, designed to solve this problem, placed in the Belarusian village of Pines. The choice seats contributed to the closeness of Minsk automobile plant - creator of the famous wheeled tractors MAZ-537 "Hurricane" capable of carrying the weight of intercontinental ballistic missiles.

Mobile plant "Pamir" designed for military needs - air defense radars electricity at a time when staffing feed system will be destroyed by missile attack. (However, like most military goods, "Pamir" had the second - civilian - Appointment: use in areas of natural disasters).

Therefore, the relatively low power reactor (0.6 MW (e)) presented to the high demands of its compactness and - especially - to reliable cooling system. After all, "Pamir" was intended to work over a wide range of outdoor temperatures (from the Arctic to the Asian deserts). And in this case, pick up a reliable system of cooling the reactor is very difficult. For example, Russia nuclear-powered icebreakers could not get on track from the Arctic to Antarctica for the very reason that the ship's reactor cooling system does not cope with the work in passing through the hot equatorial belt.

After years of finding designers to create "unique" Pamir gazoohlazhdaemy reactor on the basis of nitrogen tetroxide working on odnokonturnoy scheme. At one loading fuel, it can work for up to five years.

AEC "Pamir" available on the four prime movers wheeled MAZ-537 "Hurricane": two of them carried the reactor and turbine units, two more - the management and staff living quarters. In the position of the reactor and turbine units joined the outside of the high-pressure gas hoses. "Hurricane" reactor weighed about 60 tons.

The station has successfully passed factory tests, and in 1986 it was already built two nuclear power plants "Pamir." But they did not have time to go to the places of service. After the Chernobyl accident, in the wake of antiyadernyh sentiments in Belarus, has been closed and all eight trailers with the equipment ready to go "under the knife".

[CaptainChewbacca]

Sweet Jebus! Put a rail gun on that bad-boy!

[K. A. Pital]

I could, but I'm kind of short on time now (apologies to both Shep and Chewie, I couldn't get to your PM request sorry)... will take some time, until I have a free day.

gazoohlazhdaemy

Gaseous cooling contour.

[Lambda 00]

Well, that's cool, yet disturbing at the same time...

[Sidewinder]

A nuclear power plant mounted on a heavy tank chassis, and mobile? That's awesome! Someone should put it in a story, e.g., a James Bond movie.

[(name here)]

it sounds like it's impossible to operate while moving, and is at the least not safe. still pretty cool and useful.

[Sea Skimmer]

Its more relocatable then truly mobile. The tracked chassis is basically just to save time getting it to the proper location for setup after you unload it from a train or ship. Operating while moving is impossible even if you didn’t care about safety, since you need ridged pipe work installed between the separately mounted reactor and turbogenerator.

[Fingolfin_Noldor]

it sounds like it's impossible to operate while moving, and is at the least not safe. still pretty cool and useful.

I would imagine they could allow it to operate while moving since after all, you have ships with nuclear reactors and they have to brave storms and such.