After reading this review, I was so annoyed that I felt compelled to respond. My reply to the above link is as follows. I've also sent this to the original writer via e-mail.
To your credit, you start off by saying that you never studied much on the Second World War. You make this painfully clear in your review. I was going to simply leave a short comment, but I feel that to address the matter properly, I need to go into greater detail. If I seem unfairly angered, please keep in mind that history is a field of study I particularly enjoy, and blatant mistakes are bound to get under my skin. I have no personal vendetta against you, and all my invective is directed at your lack of research and historical ignorance
Seriously, put the manga down and open a history book. Read about the Comfort Women. Read about the Rape of Nanking. Read about Unit 731. The Japanese did shit to other nations that they never did to themselves. They used chemical and biological weapons on Chinese civilians. They used Allied POWs for bayonet practice. You need to get the myth of Japan as a noble and martyred warrior race out of your head, and look at history the way it is. I think you like anime so much you seem incapable of admitting the Japanese could do anything bad.I am not Japanese and I was born long after WWII was over. For most of my life, when WWII was mentioned, I automatically thought of the Western front and pretty much ignored the role of Japan. If we think in terms of Nazi Germany, WWII seems almost like a moral fable about good versus evil, in which the moral is that good always triumphs. After all, the allies didn't start the war. They merely responded when attacked. The war was conducted by a genocidal maniac who made countless strategic mistakes. Germany deserved to lose the war, on so many levels. It seems inconceivable that it could have won.But if you examine the war from the Japanese perspective, things don't seem all that clear cut or even fair.Of course, I am not completely blind to the fact that the Japanese ruled conquered enemies with an iron hand, that they forced prisoners of war on long death marches, or that they kept women and children who were enemy aliens in inhumane living conditions in internment camps.
Nevertheless, as hard as the Japanese were on others, they held themselves to an equally tough standard.
When the Italians changed sides, it was because Mussolini had fallen. Unlike Hitler, Mussolini didn't come to power legally. After he'd gotten hundreds of thousands of Italians killed or captured while playing second banana to Hitler, Italy's government was finally strong enough to remove the fascists, and their leader along with them. The people in Italy just wanted jobs and food. They didn't want war and bloodshed, and after 4 years of dying in someone else's war, they had had enough. The Germans actually had to invade Italy and reinstate Mussolini to keep Italy in the war.The Italians pretended to be fascisti, dedicated soldiers who lived for their nation. This was merely a pretense. The Japanese actually lived up to those standards. One by one their allies deserted them. The Russians and the Italians changed sides.
Read about the battle of Khalkin Gol. The USSR and Japan fought, and when the Japanese Army lost, they signed a non-aggression pact with the Soviets. A non-aggression pact is nothing more then a formal promise not to fight each other. Russia and Japan were never allies. The Russians couldn't have abandoned the Japanese, because they never sided with them.
You know who else the Russians made a non-aggression pact with? Germany. They were trading with Germany right up until the Nazis invaded in 1941. When the USSR allied with Britain and the USA, they didn't do it because they wanted to trade up like a man whose trophy wife got too old. They did it because they wanted help fighting off the armies that were literally trying to exterminate them, both as a nation and as a people.
By 1945, the Allies HAD beaten Japan. They had thoroughly and utterly crushed them. By 1942, Japan had lost most of their carrier fleet at Wake Island and Midway. They spent most of 1943 being pushed off strategically important islands by the Allies. In 1944, their offensives into China and Burma were defeated. Their carrier planes were shot to pieces in the aptly named Marianas Turkey shoot. The IJN Yamato, the world's largest battleship, was blown apart on a one way suicide run. The Kamikaze planes were invented because the Japanese had given up on training actual combat pilots and decided to throw their chief efforts behind manned missiles. It was like one Halo match where I was hopelessly outclassed, and my only hope for scoring a kill was to drop a grenade at my feet when my opponent came in to bludgeon me to death.The Germans were defeated. Still the Japanese fought on. Valiant pilots threw away their lives on one way missions. The entire Japanese population soldiered on. They might never have surrendered. Except for one thing.The atomic bomb!Was that fair? Did the best side really win? Or did the Americans use a dishonorable technological trick, because they could never have beaten Japan otherwise?
Have you ever seen Monty Python and the Holy Grail? Watch the scene with the Black Knight. That was basically Japan in 1945. Allied bombers flew over their cities with impunity. Allied warships could park off the coast of Japan and empty their guns into targets of opportunity. They were being forced out of British territory and Thai territory and Dutch territory and American territory and Chinese territory and Burmese Territory and French territory, and virtually the only troops not in retreat were the ones who were stuck on isolated island garrisons and had nowhere to run to. Japan had almost no means of fighting back other then hoping to bleed the Allies enough in a land invasion to make peace. Considering how well their desire for a decisive battle turned out in every other attempt they made, all they would likely have accomplished is getting thousands or millions of people slaughtered in a battle they'd still have lost.
Fighting bravely can usually be admired, but after a certain point, further resistance is stupid. Japan had long since reached that point. They had lost, and if they had been willing to acknowledge that point, no one could argue that it was necessary to beat it into them.
They didn't give up the Rising Sun Flag. They still have it. The Japanese Self Defense Force uses it. It just stopped being the flag of the entire nation. The flag Japan currently uses dates back to 1870. It wasn't forced on them by the Brutal Western Opressors. The Rising Sun flag was a war flag, being used to represent the entire nation. Imagine if the Stars and Stripes was replaced with the seal of the US Army. That would roughly reflect Japan's situation during World War 2.Well, it all depends on your point of view. We might argue that all is fair in love and war. We can argue that technological advances count just as much as dedicated troops and selfless civilian populations. But... look at the world today. And think how different it might have been had Japan won the war!When the Japanese surrendered, they gave up their empire, their form of government, and even the rays emanating from the rising sun on their military imperial flag. How did that feel? Well, watch Code Geass, and you might have some idea.
The only form of government Japan was forced to give up was the rule by the military. The ruling dynasty was left alone. Hirohito's own son is the current Emperor of Japan. The Legislature and Constitution written during the Meiji era were altered, but not eradicated. Their language and name were both preserved. Organizations that pre-dated the World War 2 military dictatorship were running the country for the first time in years. Since you seem reluctant to learn about history through any other medium then anime, I would recommend Ruruoni Kenshin. One of the themes in that series is Japan's attempt to set up a government that isn't based around warlords and warfare. Shishio Makoto represents the warrior supremacist ideology of WW2 Japan, and the scenes in Shingetsu village shows how much the ordinary people suffer under the kind of government Japan had during the war.
Earlier, you pondered what the world would look like if Japan had won. Well, we don't have to imagine. The Japanese occupations of China and Korea are well documented. In the Manchuria region of China, Japan invaded them for natural resources, conquered the region, and made strenuous efforts to eradicate the local culture, even going so far as to strip Manchuria of its very name. Ironic, isn't it?The opening to Code Geass shows two little boys climbing up from a valley filled with sunflowers and looking up at the sky through the trees at something horrible and ominous. There is no sound, until the narrator tells us: "The date was August 10 in the year 2010 of the imperial calendar. The Holy Britannian Empire had just declared war on Japan. The far east Island nation held fast to its neutrality, and now Britannia looms as the world's only superpower. Rights to Japan's underground resources became a hotly disputed issue, straining the already deep-rooted diplomatic tensions between the two sides. In the deciding battle for the mainland, Britannian forces introduced into combat the humanoid autonomous armored knight known as the Knightmare Frame. The enemy's forces were far greater than anticipated, and the Knightmares obliterated the Japanese line of defense on the Mainland with little effort. Japan became a dominion of the Empire. Japan was stripped of its freedom, its rights and its name. Area Eleven. The defeated and once proud nation of Japan was rechristened with a mere number."
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C5%8Dshi-kaimei
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korea_under_Japanese_rule
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War_crimes_in_Manchukuo
You know, anything from an atomic bomb to a rifle to a bow and arrow can be metaphors for winning without engaging in "direct combat." War isn't some boxing match where opposing soldiers are in the ring together and fight one on one. I agree, the mecha were just stupid, but if I go into my reasons why, I'll probably never finish writing this.Then one of the little boys says to the other: "I swear! I swear, Suzaku, so help me, I will one day obliterate Britannia!"I have to say that I don't really understand the Japanese animators' interest in "humanoid armored vehicles" or machines that turn into people and people who turn into machines. However, if we simply accept that this is a metaphor for a high tech method of winning without actually engaging in direct, conventional person to person combat, then we can move on and discuss what the show is really about.
Social Darwinism doesn't always come up. As an ideology, it only dates back to the 19th century. With ordinary conquests, it was usually a case of “We want it, they have it, we'll take it.” When the Romans conquered Gaul, they didn't try to claim that it was advancing the species as a whole. They simply saw it as enriching themselves and defeating a hated enemy. That whole "White Man's Burden" thing was pretty much limited to the 19th century.The show is about fascism, nationalism, resistance groups, the will to power, the thirst for revenge and other Wagnerian themes of the highest order. It even touches quite explicitly on social Darwinism and the way that different levels of ability and personal achievement are accomodated by society. The story follows Lelouch Lamperouge, a Britannian prince in exile who is helping the Japanese resistance for some convoluted reasons of his own, not the least of which is revenge. After Lelouch kills his half brother Clovis, the crown prince, we get a speech from the Emperor of Britannia himself that pretty much spells out the Britannian take on social equality. Why does social Darwinism seem to always come up in these situations where different people, and different peoples and nations, vy for supremacy and dominon over the same natural resources? The reason seems to be that we need some sort of justification for the successful party. The justification runs along these lines: "Our weapons are better because we are better, and it is the natural order of things."How then can someone resist the conqueror without rebuilding himself into the oppressor's own image?
Really? I heard that the Chinese government censored the show because it portrayed them as being ruled by a naive child Emperor who was manipulated by amoral eunuchs. As offensively racist stereotypes go, it's a bit more grounded in reality then the buck toothed, bespectacled Asian who's incapable of pronouncing the letter L, but not by much. Communism preaches many things, but social Darwinism is not one of its tenets. Mao Zedong believed conflict was caused by class warfare, and that was why everyone needed to be made equal under communist rule. If he was a social Darwinist, he would have said that the peasants suffering in squalid poverty were weak failures who deserved to suffer.That is the universal problem that is at the heart of this series. This is why it appeals to so many across the globe, and this is why the Chinese government has pulled the videos from the shelves of some of its stores.
Frankly, I wonder if you and I have really seen the same series. You mention Wagnerian themes, the Will to Power, the thirst for revenge, but you miss the most obvious theme, that of racism. The whole “Honorary Brittanian” thing reminds me of the German treatment of conquered populations in World War 2. When they were desperate for manpower, the Nazi racial scientists created the title of Honorary Aryan for recruits from Russia or Eastern Europe who fought alongside the Germans. The Japanese also drafted non-Japanese when military necessity dictated it. Did you just not notice? Were you in the bathroom in the scenes with Suzaku? Were you fixing a snack in the kitchen every time the locals angrily demanded to be called Japanese?
America managed to defeat the Confederacy without adopting slavery. The Allies managed to defeat the Nazis without becoming genocidal racists. And they also managed to defeat Japan without using Japanese babies for soccer practice or Japanese women as prostitutes. The Romans managed to defeat any number of despotic nations while maintaining their Republican government. The British beat the French without adopting the excesses of the Ancien Regime. Russia beat the Nazis without herding their Jews into death camps.The growth of a small group of people into an empire is not inevitable. Growth is not the only way of life. It is possible to maintain a stable population in a limited area without depleting natural resources. Many peoples have maintained a natural equilibrium since their group evolved. The problem is that once another group of people whose way of life requires constant growth shows up, then the People of Exponential Growth are bound to overpower the stable group!In order to beat the Britannians, you need to become like the Britannians! When this happens, everybody loses
The idea that the only way you can defeat an enemy is by sinking to their level just goes to show that the writers of Code Geass are as stupid as the timeline, the characters, and the plot.