Formless wrote:Simon_Jester wrote:All this is a somewhat perverse behavior from an evolutionary standpoint, and it is a sign that nurture can overpower nature, but not a sign that it does so in the entire human species or anything.
There was also the suicide thing, which he responded to by posting yet another cliche`. In fact, depressed people are
not more likely to commit suicide unless they are on an anti-depressant; whereas most suicides surprise the family and friends of the deceased out of a misplaced expectation that suicidal behavior usually stems from depression.
Excuse me, but that sounds like one hell of a big question about which way the correlation points.
You'd expect there to be five categories of people:
-People who are not depressed.
-People who are seriously depressed, but not diagnosed.
-People who are seriously depressed, and are diagnosed.
People who are depressed and diagnosed will, in this day and age, probably be on anti-depressant meds. Now, let us consider which groups are most likely to commit suicide.
Suppose, for the sake of argument, that being depressed makes you more likely to kill yourself, and that being on anti-depressants makes a depressed person less likely to kill yourself.
If so, we expect to see the following:
-People who are depressed, and are not diagnosed, kill themselves often. Let's say the suicide rate among such people is 5X.
-People who are depressed, but have been diagnosed,
and are therefore on anti-depressants, kill themselves less often. Let's say the rate among such people is 2X.
-People who are not depressed rarely kill themselves. Let's say the rate among such people is X.
Consider how this would look from a statistical standpoint. People who have been diagnosed with depression, and are therefore on anti-depressants, kill themselves at rate 2X: much lower than the rate among undiagnosed people not on medication, but much higher than the average for the population.
So, what if you haven't been diagnosed, and therefore aren't on anti-depressants? If you don't have depression at all, your probability of suicide is low: X. But if you do have it, and it just hasn't been diagnosed (which is why you're not on medication), then your rate is 5X.
But if there are, say, 10 people without severe depression (with a suicide rate of X) for every one person with undiagnosed severe depression (with a suicide rate of 5X), then the
average rate of suicides among the whole population is going to be (10+5)/(100+10)=1.36X.
To a statistician, this will look like:
"People on anti-depressants have a suicide rate of 2X. People not on anti-depressants have a suicide rate of 1.36X."
At which point Formless says "ah-HA! This means anti-depressants make you more likely to kill yourself!"
...
Of course, you can ask "but what about people diagnosed with depression but not on medication?" Well, we'd expect those people to not
need medication to control their symptoms- i.e. their depression is probably less severe. In which case it's no wonder their suicide rate is low, closer to the general population's rate. They might raise the rate of suicides among 'people not on anti-depressants.' But they won't raise the rate enough to overcome the difference between 1.36X and 2X.
Now, maybe the study you're citing, Formless, had a way of avoiding this problem. If so, I'll thank you to tell me what it was.
Plus, of course, there are phenomena like mass suicide and death cults where social pressure overcomes the survival instinct of whole communities at once. Interesting, that.
True. We could equally well make a similar argument for lemmings.
You may say "Ah-ha! But lemmings don't commit mass suicide, that's a myth!"
And I would reply "Which is my point. While lemmings occasionally manage to get themselves killed accidentally in large numbers (not thousands, but perhaps tens) as part of a mass migration, they do not exhibit suicidal behavior
on a large scale, even while doing risky things that will get some of them killed for reasons of their own."
The behavior of small groups that self-select for extreme behavior (cults, associations of like-minded fetishists) cannot be taken as representative of the species as a whole. One self-mutilating animal doesn't prove anything about the behavior of the species in general; neither does one self-mutilating human.