2000th American Dies in Afghanistan

[General Mung Beans]

http://www.nytimes.com/2012/08/22/us/wa ... wanted=all

The Reach of War
In Rising Toll, Signs of a Changing Conflict

By JAMES DAO and ANDREW W. LEHREN


His war was almost over. Or so Marina Buckley thought when her son Lance Cpl. Gregory T. Buckley Jr. told her that he would be returning from southern Afghanistan to his Marine Corps base in Hawaii in late August, three months early.

Instead, Lance Corporal Buckley became the 1,990th American service member to die in the war when, on Aug. 10, he and two other Marines were shot inside their base in Helmand Province by a man who appears to have been a member of the Afghan forces they were training.

A week later, with the death of Specialist James A. Justice of the Army in a military hospital in Germany, the United States military reached 2,000 dead in the nearly 11-year-old conflict, based on an analysis by The New York Times of Department of Defense records. The calculation by The Times includes deaths not only in Afghanistan but also in Pakistan and other nations where American forces are directly involved in aiding the war.

Nearly nine years passed before American forces reached their first 1,000 dead in the war. The second 1,000 came just 27 months later, a testament to the intensity of fighting prompted by President Obama’s decision to send 33,000 additional troops to Afghanistan in 2010, a policy known as the surge.

In more ways than his family might have imagined, Lance Corporal Buckley, who had just turned 21 when he died, typified the troops in that second wave of 1,000. According to the Times analysis, three out of four were white, nine out of 10 were enlisted service members, and one out of two died in either Kandahar Province or Helmand Province in Taliban-dominated southern Afghanistan. Their average age was 26.

The dead were also disproportionately Marines like Lance Corporal Buckley. Though the Army over all has suffered more dead in the war, the Marine Corps, with fewer troops, has had a higher casualty rate: At the height of fighting in late 2010, two out of every 1,000 Marines in Afghanistan were dying, twice the rate of the Army. Marine units accounted for three of the five units hardest hit during the surge.

Suffering the most casualties was the Third Battalion, Fifth Marine Regiment out of Camp Pendleton, Calif. Twenty-five of its Marines died and more than 180 were wounded, many with multiple amputations, during a bloody seven-month deployment in Helmand that began in fall 2010.

The analysis also shows that Army casualties during the surge fell heaviest on two bases with frequently deployed units: Fort Campbell in Kentucky, home to the 101st Airborne Division, which recorded the most Army deaths in the surge, and Fort Drum in New York, home to the 10th Mountain Division.

The summer remained the peak season for fighting, with the single highest period for American deaths being July, August and September 2010, when at least 143 troops died. And as has been the case since at least 2008, improvised explosive devices, known as I.E.D.’s, remained a leading cause of death and injury, along with small-arms fire, the analysis showed.

But this year, a new threat emerged: attacks by Afghans dressed in the uniforms of Afghan security forces. In just the past two weeks, at least nine Americans have been killed in such insider attacks, and for the year to date, at least 39 non-Afghan troops, most of them American, have been killed by men dressed as members of the Afghan security forces, the most since the war began.

Those insider attacks have increased concerns about NATO’s ability to turn security operations over to Afghan forces by 2014, the deadline set by President Obama for withdrawing the remaining American forces. For families, the deaths have raised hard questions about whether the Pentagon is doing enough to protect its troops from their own allies.

Though Afghanistan is now considered the nation’s longest war, at 128 months and counting, the number of dead is less than half the total in the Iraq war, where more than 4,480 died in eight years. More active-duty and reserve soldiers killed themselves last year, 278, than died in combat in Afghanistan, 247.

None of that brings solace to the families of the dead. For the Buckleys, of Oceanside, N.Y., their son’s death so near the end of his tour, so late in the long war and possibly at the hand of a purported ally, was uniquely anguishing.

As Mrs. Buckley recounted things her son loved — basketball, girls, movies, the beach — bitterness choked her words.

“Our forces shouldn’t be there,” she said. “It should be over. It’s done. No more.”

A Unit Hit Hard

The Third Battalion, Fifth Marine Regiment out of Camp Pendleton, Calif., was emblematic of the surge. Sent into Sangin, Afghanistan’s opium-producing heartland, in 2010, the battalion faced a formidable enemy expert in the use of I.E.D.’s., losing 25 Marines in a seven-month tour, the second most of any American unit in the entire war, a Times analysis shows.

Mark Moyar, an independent national security analyst who has studied the battalion’s operations, said that the British who had preceded the Marines in Sangin, a district in Helmand, focused on economic development and political outreach to undermine the insurgency. But the Taliban also operated with near impunity in parts of the district, he said.

The battalion took a different approach, pushing into Taliban-dominated villages and expanding the security bubble beyond combat outposts and Afghan commercial centers. Fighting was intense, with civilians often getting caught in the middle, and casualties piled up fast.

On Oct. 8, barely two weeks after the battalion landed, it lost its first Marine, Lance Cpl. John T. Sparks. Five days later, four Marines of the battalion died when their armored truck was decimated by a powerful bomb. Three more died the next day when they stepped on a mine during a foot patrol.

The rapid-fire deaths prompted calls in Washington for the battalion to pull back. But senior Marine commanders — including the battalion commander, Lt. Col. Jason Morris — prevailed on Secretary of Defense Robert M. Gates to leave them in place.

“Everyone was shocked, including me, that we lost that many guys that quickly,” Colonel Morris said. “But honestly, me and most of my Marines would have rather come home in body bags than let the Taliban claim a victory.”

Deanna Giles, the mother of a squad leader from the battalion, remembers those days all too well. Amid the blur of casualty reports, Ms. Giles began watching for strange cars in her neighborhood in Kankakee, Ill., fearing the next one would bear horrible news.

Anxiously seeking information or solace, she took to Facebook and Marine Corps chat rooms, forming a powerful digital bond with other families from the battalion, whom she never met in person.

“You began to care about people in a way you could not have before the Internet age,” Ms. Giles said.

Her son, Sgt. Caleb Giles, came home alive. Patty Schumacher’s son, Lance Cpl. Victor A. Dew, did not.

Ms. Schumacher had begged her son to defer enlisting until the war ended. When he refused, she urged him to take a job with a presidential security detail. He again said no, determined to be an infantryman and to go to war.

“Boy, did my heart sink,” she recalled. “But I was also proud of him for following his true desires. As a parent you just suck it up, hold your heart and take a deep breath and hope all goes well.”

In late August 2010, Lance Corporal Dew proposed to his girlfriend, then was deployed a month later. Within weeks of arriving in Helmand, he died with three other Marines in a powerful I.E.D. blast. At age 20, he became the 1,259th American to die in the war.

Inside his coffin, his fiancée placed a photograph of herself, wearing her wedding gown.

Ms. Schumacher maintains a Facebook page to keep his memory fresh, and occasionally toasts him at dinner with tequila. She still cries, too, though the tears are hard to predict, prompted by stray images and fleeting sounds that remind her of him: a smile, a song, a joke.

“When do you get better? You don’t ever get better,” she said. “You just get better in your grieving. There will always be something that triggers it. And then you are back on that emotional roller coaster.”

Attacks From Afghans

Staff Sgt. Scott E. Dickinson was coming home early. He was originally scheduled to remain in Helmand until November 2012, but the Pentagon was pulling Marines out of Afghanistan quickly, looking to get the surge forces out of the country by fall and shrink the American footprint to about 70,000 troops. He would be home in Hawaii within a week or two, he told his father early this month.

Not long after that conversation, his father, John Dickinson, saw an article about a soldier who had died just a week before he was to come home. “I thought, ‘He’s not safe until he sets foot in Hawaii,’ ” recalled Mr. Dickinson, an architect in San Diego.

He was right. Sergeant Dickinson, 29, a supply specialist who had volunteered to help train Afghan forces, died with Lance Corporal Buckley on Aug. 10. They were among six Marines killed that day in two separate attacks by men who appeared to be Afghan security force members.

The Pentagon asserts that most of those attacks have been the result of personal grudges, disputing Taliban claims to have widely infiltrated the Afghan security forces.

But the attacks have also raised anew concerns about the integrity of the Afghan forces that NATO expects to secure the entire nation after NATO troops withdraw in 2014.

More fundamentally, the continued deaths, occurring even as American forces are conducting fewer combat missions, have prompted service members and military families alike to wonder: has the decade-long American presence in Afghanistan made a difference?

Colonel Morris, the former commander for the Third Battalion, Fifth Marine Regiment, has little doubt that it has. After months of fierce fighting, he saw clear changes when he left Sangin in early 2011. Those improvements remain, he asserts, with residents participating in elections and going to school with less fear of Taliban intimidation — though such intimidation is far from gone.

“Every single Marine in my battalion could see the impact they had,” he said. “Things had changed so dramatically, it was a validation of everything they had sacrificed for.”

Despite his son’s death, Mr. Dickinson agrees. Marina Buckley is not so sure.

She recalled how her son watched “The Notebook” five times with her because he was a romantic. “He was the most lovable, caring human being,” she said. “He wore his heart on his sleeve. Beautiful, beautiful, beautiful.”

He had wanted to join the Marine Corps ever since 9/11, despite her many attempts to dissuade him. By the time he was in high school a Marine Corps flag hung in his bedroom and her efforts to get him to go to college — Adelphi University accepted him his senior year — had failed.

“I’d say, ‘Why the Marines?’ ” she said, and he would reply with a joke. “I can pick up a lot of chicks with that uniform,” he would say.

But his ambition was serious: he wanted to serve, then become a Suffolk County police officer. He came to relish the brotherhood of the Marines and adored his first posting, in Hawaii. But deployment was a different matter. The loneliness, the heat and the Meals Ready to Eat wore on him, Ms. Buckley said.

And he never felt secure living alongside Afghans, she said.

“If they want to kill themselves, let them,” she said of the Afghan people. “But they are killing people who shouldn’t be killed, who have lives here, and family here, and brothers and sisters here.”

Eddie Goldberger contributed reporting.

RIP.

[Borgholio]

Inside his coffin, his fiancée placed a photograph of herself, wearing her wedding gown.

Jesus...that one line above all else just really punched me in the gut for some reason...

[Skywalker_T-65]

Same here...

[Skgoa]

It's sad that there is no mention of how many Afghans died due to the war.

[K. A. Pital]

It's sad that there is no mention of how many Afghans died due to the war.

There is no single official figure for the overall number of civilians killed by the war since 2001 = nobody even really bothered counting.

[hongi]

“If they want to kill themselves, let them,” she said of the Afghan people. “But they are killing people who shouldn’t be killed, who have lives here, and family here, and brothers and sisters here.”

Should have thought of that before invading. You don't just break a country and leave.

[AniThyng]

“If they want to kill themselves, let them,” she said of the Afghan people. “But they are killing people who shouldn’t be killed, who have lives here, and family here, and brothers and sisters here.”

Should have thought of that before invading. You don't just break a country and leave.

At some point one hopes that people realize this is as true of the enemy as it is of them and put aside this whole war business, but it didn't stop anybody 6000 years ago and it sure isn't stopping anybody now...

Though it is an interesting feeling, to realize these soldiers are kids when 9/11 happened, just born when Gulf War 1 happened, and the Vietnam war vet has been replaced by the Gulf War(s) vet.

[Sephirius]

“If they want to kill themselves, let them,” she said of the Afghan people. “But they are killing people who shouldn’t be killed, who have lives here, and family here, and brothers and sisters here.”

Should have thought of that before invading. You don't just break a country and leave.

"So perverse is mankind that every nationality prefers to be misgoverned by its own people than to be well ruled by another".

[K. A. Pital]

"So perverse is mankind that every nationality prefers to be misgoverned by its own people than to be well ruled by another".

I guess part of it is revolving around the fact that "another people" more often than not randomly kill or enslave the conquered in large numbers and then proceed to opress them for ages, and don't rule well at all. Nationalism is a child of the pre-colonial and colonial nation-state system, and it is far more viable than ordinary tribalism.

[Skgoa]

“If they want to kill themselves, let them,” she said of the Afghan people. “But they are killing people who shouldn’t be killed, who have lives here, and family here, and brothers and sisters here.”

Should have thought of that before invading. You don't just break a country and leave.

While I agree with that in the sense that I believe th US should pay for rebuilding Iraq and Afghanistan, the way the US is(/was) conducting the occupation(s of both countries) is(/was) pretty terrible.* The occupation being kept up is worse for the afghan population than Taliban rule would be (and was) by far. And if you take a moment to look at how the british and russian occupations of Afghanistan went, it becomes very obvious that 'Murrica is doing exactly the same mistakes for exactly the same reasons. Not only would stopping the Afghanistan War right now be the morally right choice, it's also the one were everyone involved suffers the least.


* Legally speaking, the US is failing in its obligation as the occupier to provide safety in the occupied territory and IMHO that's a prime reason why the occupation of both AFG and Iraq is(/was) illegal and just wrong.

[General Mung Beans]

“If they want to kill themselves, let them,” she said of the Afghan people. “But they are killing people who shouldn’t be killed, who have lives here, and family here, and brothers and sisters here.”

Should have thought of that before invading. You don't just break a country and leave.

While I agree with that in the sense that I believe th US should pay for rebuilding Iraq and Afghanistan, the way the US is(/was) conducting the occupation(s of both countries) is(/was) pretty terrible.* The occupation being kept up is worse for the afghan population than Taliban rule would be (and was) by far.

Only because the Taliban regime was more stable. Do you seriously think a 7th Century theocracy is better than a corrupt oligarchy?

* Legally speaking, the US is failing in its obligation as the occupier to provide safety in the occupied territory and IMHO that's a prime reason why the occupation of both AFG and Iraq is(/was) illegal and just wrong.

Well the locals aren't helping.

[Skgoa]

While I agree with that in the sense that I believe th US should pay for rebuilding Iraq and Afghanistan, the way the US is(/was) conducting the occupation(s of both countries) is(/was) pretty terrible.* The occupation being kept up is worse for the afghan population than Taliban rule would be (and was) by far.

Only because the Taliban regime was more stable. Do you seriously think a 7th Century theocracy is better than a corrupt oligarchy?

Straw-man.

* Legally speaking, the US is failing in its obligation as the occupier to provide safety in the occupied territory and IMHO that's a prime reason why the occupation of both AFG and Iraq is(/was) illegal and just wrong.

Well the locals aren't helping.

Unless the US is occupying the tribal areas of Pakistan as well, this is missinformed. It's also not a good argument, since resistance against an occupation is not a valid reason for an occupation.

[General Mung Beans]

Only because the Taliban regime was more stable. Do you seriously think a 7th Century theocracy is better than a corrupt oligarchy?

Straw-man.

You said the occupation is worse "by far" for the Afghan people then the Taliban regime. That means in other words you believe the Taliban is better-this doesn't mean obviously either are good, just that they are less worse.

* Legally speaking, the US is failing in its obligation as the occupier to provide safety in the occupied territory and IMHO that's a prime reason why the occupation of both AFG and Iraq is(/was) illegal and just wrong.

Well the locals aren't helping.

Unless the US is occupying the tribal areas of Pakistan as well, this is missinformed. It's also not a good argument, since resistance against an occupation is not a valid reason for an occupation.

[/quote]

I meant the part you said the US is failing to provide security to locals as part of the occupation. Plus plenty of Afghans (especially Pashtuns) are fighting in the insurgency.

[AniThyng]

As an aside, after reading this I thought of the music video for GreenDay's Wake Me Up When September Ends. Am I the only one?

[Aaron MkII]

“If they want to kill themselves, let them,” she said of the Afghan people. “But they are killing people who shouldn’t be killed, who have lives here, and family here, and brothers and sisters here.”

Should have thought of that before invading. You don't just break a country and leave.

I just want to point out that the country was broken before we got there, by the Brits, the Soviets and themselves. I agree that Afghans are more likely to be killed by us but from an infrastructure point of view they are better off. It remains to be seen if any of the political changes we've made will stick after we leave. So they may be better off.

Could it have been done better? I think we can agree the answer is yes.

[Mr Bean]

Let me throw in on that as well, what did Afghanistan have in 2001 prior to the invasion? Electricity was unknown besides generators outside the capital. Paved roads were a luxury, schooling was catch as catch can and mostly religious in nature. We are not talking about post WWII German or hell not even post invasion Iraq. We are talking about Afghanistan which set the standard under "third world hellholes" before a single bomb fell in the country.

[General Mung Beans]

Let me throw in on that as well, what did Afghanistan have in 2001 prior to the invasion? Electricity was unknown besides generators outside the capital. Paved roads were a luxury, schooling was catch as catch can and mostly religious in nature. We are not talking about post WWII German or hell not even post invasion Iraq. We are talking about Afghanistan which set the standard under "third world hellholes" before a single bomb fell in the country.

Well you can't really say that unless you're talking about pre-1979 considering Afghanistan has been more or less in continuing violence since then.

[Mr Bean]

Well you can't really say that unless you're talking about pre-1979 considering Afghanistan has been more or less in continuing violence since then.

There was eleven years between the total withdraw of the Soviets in 1989 and even then conflict had mostly stopped some time before. Eleven years to rebuild and they had nothing to show for it.

[Irbis]

Well you can't really say that unless you're talking about pre-1979 considering Afghanistan has been more or less in continuing violence since then.

There was eleven years between the total withdraw of the Soviets in 1989 and even then conflict had mostly stopped some time before. Eleven years to rebuild and they had nothing to show for it.

Rebuild with what, exactly? Infrastructure isn't exactly cheap, especially in so poor country, and the front line splitting the country only made things worse.

If only someone didn't exported religious extremism, Islamic fighters and stingers to (relatively) modernizing and stable Afghan Republic...

[Thanas]

THe infrastructure is much better these days. Roads have been built, schools have been opened etc. One can fault the west for many things but one cannot say that they did not try. Were they too idealistic? Yes. Did they go "who cares we only want a Roman kind of peace here"? No.

If people want to blame the west they should blame it for the way the war is being conducted. Not the reconstruction effort, which is one of the nobler things the west have done here.

[K. A. Pital]

Let me throw in on that as well, what did Afghanistan have in 2001 prior to the invasion? Electricity was unknown besides generators outside the capital. Paved roads were a luxury, schooling was catch as catch can and mostly religious in nature. We are not talking about post WWII German or hell not even post invasion Iraq. We are talking about Afghanistan which set the standard under "third world hellholes" before a single bomb fell in the country.

Pre-1979 Afghanistan and even pre-1992 Afghanistan weren't as bad as people might think. The sad fact is that Afghanistan has only continously deteriorated from 1979 until now. Not improved.

[Skgoa]

Regarding "political changes 'we' have made": what fucking changes? That instead of the rule of law Afghanistan is now back to local warlords and (sex) slavery? That instead of having a government that had widespread support, 'we' have put a puppet in place? The guy who is just as much a women-hating religious whackjob as the guys 'we' ousted?

[Block]

Please provide evidence for your claims. All of them.
edit: and demonstrate exactly how it's gotten worse since 2001.

[Aaron MkII]

Regarding "political changes 'we' have made": what fucking changes? That instead of the rule of law Afghanistan is now back to local warlords and (sex) slavery? That instead of having a government that had widespread support, 'we' have put a puppet in place? The guy who is just as much a women-hating religious whackjob as the guys 'we' ousted?

Actually I'm referring to the fact that they now have a means to change things politicaly that doesn't involve violence. Will it help? Probably not. I expect civil war in a few years after total withdrawl. But, there's always hope.