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Since I doubt most people here heard of him, brief summary - general Wojciech Jaruzelski was II World War era political prisoner, then soldier of eastern Polish Army full time from its founding under colonel Berling to capture of Berlin. After war, he was promoted to officer and joined the Party, getting higher posts until he became minister of defence.
In 1980, he became prime minister then led de-facto bloodless coup against communist hard-liners and started to distance country from the USSR. To this end, he decided to stave off incoming Soviet intervention, much like 1953 and 1968 ones, by pre-emptively arresting opposition leaders, dispersing army from bases then declaring curfew to quell dissent, saying he has country fully under his control so intervention isn't needed anymore (and making disarming army by surrounding bases, like Czech one was, impossible, thus presenting unspoken threat to Soviet leadership had they decided to attack anyway)*.
In 1989, Jaruzelski began on his own initiative talks with democratic opposition about transforming the country from mono-party to plural democracy. Then, one year into his five year term as first president of democratic Poland, resigned saying communist party's loss in election cannot allow him to continue in good conscience knowing public opinion is opposed to continuation of his party's rule and policies.
Ironically, the reason he might have resigned was that Tadeusz Mazowiecki, very decent man, new prime minister and leader of democratic opposition was favourite to winning the presidency in his stead. What we got instead was illiterate peasant Wałęsa becoming the president though, Mazowiecki resigning too to not be worse, and 3 years of such inept right wing rule the post-communist parties overwhelmingly won 1993 elections, despite massive loss 4 years earlier. But by then Jaruzelski decided to retire from public life anyway.
Who knows, maybe it have been better if Jaruzelski and Mazowiecki stayed, as both had excellent ministers and since then country wouldn't have been damaged to such degree. But then again, maybe we needed a lesson that elections matter and their resignations basically put an end to any arguments country isn't a democracy now.
*For that he is, by the way, despised by current polish right-wingers who say he denied the nation "glorious revolution" that would have toppled Soviet Union. In 1980. And not be crushed like, oh, last 10 "glorious revolutions" in our history were
General Jaruzelski dies aged 90
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Re: General Jaruzelski dies aged 90
When I grew up Jaruzelski was just one of those Bad Commie People on the Wrong Side of the Iron Curtain, and Lech Wałęsa was basically the Polish Nelson Mandela. That was, as it turned out, just one of many Cold War narratives so one-sided as to be completely bonkers. He sure wasn't the nicest of guys, but his position can also serve as the definition of being stuck between a rock and a hard place.
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Re: General Jaruzelski dies aged 90
He wasn't, but... You know, he was put in half a dozen of trials, basically each time right wing government was in power. He didn't wanted amnesty law or anything when he resigned (unlike various right wing scum dictators) and shown up to each one. It was a sad thing, really, as despite having full communist archives to dig through no one could pin anything jailable on him.Siege wrote:When I grew up Jaruzelski was just one of those Bad Commie People on the Wrong Side of the Iron Curtain, and Lech Wałęsa was basically the Polish Nelson Mandela. That was, as it turned out, just one of many Cold War narratives so one-sided as to be completely bonkers. He sure wasn't the nicest of guys, but his position can also serve as the definition of being stuck between a rock and a hard place.
In fact, people started to pity him in the end, when the charges got increasingly ridiculous, like being in charge of 'criminal band armed with guns and intending to do aggravated harm' (read - being minister of defence and commander of Polish Army). Judge laughed the political hyenas who brought this before him out of court, but by then, it was just harassing tactics to 80 year old with health problems and being petty to someone with far more class than they ever had.
As for my own thoughts of him, I am ambivalent, but it honestly looked like Jaruzelski and Mazowiecki were last leaders in this country who seriously took the oath of thinking of the good of the nation first. Ever since then, it was either slow march forward with small, creeping reforms, or right wing idiots taking country several steps backwards. And even the reforms were in most part caused by the fact EU ordered us to do them and people were too scared to object.
Re: General Jaruzelski dies aged 90
Kinda looks like he was the Polish version of the "guy who did some bad things to do what he thought right" version. The trials though were as you pointed out mostly political theatre.
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A decision must be made in the life of every nation at the very moment when the grasp of the enemy is at its throat. Then, it seems that the only way to survive is to use the means of the enemy, to rest survival upon what is expedient, to look the other way. Well, the answer to that is 'survival as what'? A country isn't a rock. It's not an extension of one's self. It's what it stands for. It's what it stands for when standing for something is the most difficult! - Chief Judge Haywood
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Re: General Jaruzelski dies aged 90
These guy seems totally competent compared to Russian and Ukrainian political elites. Then again, by now almost anyone seems competent compared to them.
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