Simon_Jester wrote:Physical laws are impersonal and reductionist, though- which is where Vendetta's description comes in.
Typically, you can call it 'magic' if:
1) It doesn't follow impersonal laws- it is personal. As in, it works differently when an elf says the magic words than when a human does. Or if a human thinking "I want a ham sandwich" leads to no ham sandwich, but a god thinking the same thing leads to ham sandwiches.
2) It doesn't follow reductionist laws- you cannot understand a magical system by taking it apart into smaller pieces and observing the interactions between the pieces, until you get to an irreducible 'atom' of magic. If the smallest 'atom' of magic is, for example, the living will of the magician, and that will cannot be subdivided into parts that play different roles in making magic work... that's not reductionist.
3) Its effects are described reliably in teleological or informal terms, but not reliably and consistently in terms of physical structure or makeup.
For example, if "enchanting the blade" always makes the blade cut well, regardless of what is being cut or what the blade is made of... that's probably magic. Because cutting through wood efficiently requires a serrated edge, cutting through a material that is corrosive might require a blade made of certain metals, whereas cutting through steel requires a very special set of material properties, and so on.
When we use technology to accomplish "make the blade cut well," we get different blades specialized for different tasks. When we use magic, we're more likely to get a blade that is 'superior' in some broad teleological sense: everything a blade does, it does better, regardless of how or why it does so.
Why can't magic simply be the title that a series of explainable abilities that can be used to cause dramatic changes biased on an individual's will? The concept of magic probably predates tool use, and may have even inspired the invention of tools, and the idea's stuck around.
With the concept of magic so so ingrained in the human culture, that whenever something like biotics shows up in fiction, it's described as "magic". In fact, many times when a radical new technology shows up, it is sometimes described as being "like magic". Even if the explanation is commonly known, people may very well continue to call it magic, albeit sarcastically.