So what's happened since Nemesis
1. Around the time of the destruction of Romulus, synthetics (I assume its androids rather than photonics) attack Utopia Planitia and lead to a ban on synthetics. Mars apparently is still on fire.
2. Theoretical "organic" androids.
Around that time people were thinking (at least in theory) about "organic" androids. I am going to assume from the discussion Picard has, that they just reproduce the electronic brain or neural net and transplant it in an organic body. Kind of the reverse of the classic TNG episodes where Data gets possessed by a human scientist trying to transfer his consciousness into an AI so he can live on after death. The character Darj is one of these.
Of course after the ban, this research stops
3. Ban on synthetics is a galactic treaty. Not sure whether its largely the whole galaxy or just the AQ and BQ powers.
4. Power dynamics between the space faring races.
Unknown as so far its episode one. However its not unreasonable to assume the UFP would have replaced the destroyed Utopia Planitia shipyards by now. As far back as the DS9 era, Section 31 predicted it would take the Klingons ten years to recover from the Dominion war, while the UFP and the Romulans will contest for hegemony. So ten years after the attack on the shipyards should give the UFP time to recover.
The Romulans of course can't be in great shape after the supernova disaster.
The status of the Klingons is unknown but presumably they have recovered from the Dominion war by now barring some geopolitical disaster.
5. Borg tech
The Romulans are trying to do research on a Borg cube. I wonder how powerful the Borg ship would be compared to squadrons of ships 20 + years after Nemesis. Most likely still competitive since Miranda's were still being fielded in the Dominion war, but we know from DS9, replacing old systems with modern ones can allow an Excelsior to be competitive against a Defiant. So then again, maybe one Borg ship won't be so devastating now, especially if the Federation learnt how to duplicate those Transphasic torps from Voyager.
6. Picard doesn't have his god mode anymore.
