14th Amendment Challange to Remove Trump from Ballot

[LadyTevar]

The 14th Amendment plan to disqualify Trump, explained

A longshot legal bid to disqualify and remove Donald Trump from the 2024 US presidential ballot is being considered in court for the first time.

The strategy involves trying to block Mr Trump from the primary ballot by invoking a rarely used provision of the US Constitution - Section 3 of the 14th Amendment - that bars those who have "engaged in insurrection or rebellion" against the country from holding federal office.

Initially backed by liberal activists, the theory gained more prominence in recent months as some conservatives also embraced it.
But critics warn that, if it moves forward, it risks robbing voters of the right to deliver their own verdict on whether the former president should return to the White House.

On Monday, a judge in Colorado started a five-day hearing over the matter. A similar hearing will take place in Minnesota on Thursday, with lawsuits also filed in critical states like New Hampshire and Michigan.

The untested legal gambit is a last-ditch effort to bar the candidacy of an ex-president who remains popular with his base.

Its ultimate arbiter could be the conservative Supreme Court he helped shape - if it even gets that far.

What is the theory?
The 14th Amendment was ratified after the American Civil War, and Section 3 was deployed to bar secessionists from returning to previous government posts once southern states re-joined the Union.
It was used against the likes of Confederate president Jefferson Davis and his vice-president Alexander Stephens, both of whom had served in Congress, but has seldom been invoked since.

It re-emerged as a political flashpoint in the wake of Mr Trump's effort to overturn his 2020 election defeat, which culminated in the riot at the US Capitol in January 2021.

In the attack's aftermath, the US House of Representatives impeached the then-president on a charge of "incitement of insurrection".
Had the US Senate voted to convict him, it would have had the option to take a second, simple-majority vote to bar him from ever serving in office again.
But that never happened: the Senate failed to reach the two-thirds majority required to convict Mr Trump, so there was no second vote.

Does Section 3 apply to Trump?
Free Speech For People, an advocacy group, is arguing that it does.

Last year, the group filed challenges against Trump-backing lawmakers whom it labelled "insurrectionists".

The 14th Amendment was not written solely to apply to the post-Civil War era, but also to future insurrections, argues Ron Fein, the organisation's legal director.
He told the BBC the US Capitol riot succeeded "in delaying the peaceful transfer of power for the first time in our nation's history, which is further than the Confederates ever got".
"The particular candidates we challenged in 2022 had participated or assisted in the efforts that led up to the insurrection," Mr Fein said.
And, he argued, their cases established important legal precedents that can be applied to show "Trump is the chief insurrectionist".

How will it move forward?
Free Speech For People intends to seek Mr Trump's disqualification in multiple states. It is also separately petitioning the top election officials in at least nine states to remove him from the primary ballot.

Either move already has, or will, inevitably draw an objection from the candidate himself - triggering a process that could ultimately place his fate in the hands of the US Supreme Court.

The legal strategy has picked up steam since August, when Mr Trump was accused of election subversion in two separate criminal cases.

That same month, conservative legal scholars William Baude and Michael Stokes Paulsen wrote in a law review paper that Section 3 is "self-executing, operating as an immediate disqualification from office, without the need for additional action by Congress".
Mr Trump could therefore be rendered ineligible for the ballot "by every official, state or federal, who judges qualifications", the pair concluded.
Mr Baude and Mr Paulsen are members of the Federalist Society, a highly influential conservative advocacy group.
They believe the Constitution must be interpreted as its authors intended at the time, and their stance has since been backed by other legal experts with conservative credentials.

Even the Supreme Court, with its conservative majority and trio of Trump-appointed judges, may be receptive to their argument, said Jeffrey Sonnenfeld, a dean at the Yale School of Management who supports the Baude-Paulsen perspective.
"All that is needed is that one of 50 state election officials has to find him ineligible," he told the BBC.
"Just one will send it to a state court review, which will be appealed by either side and sent to the US Supreme Court for a speedy resolution."
With Republican primary voters heading to the polls early next year, the case will be decided quickly, he predicted.

What's the argument against it?
Detractors have questioned both the theory's viability, and whether it should even be implemented in a highly partisan America.

In an opinion piece for Bloomberg, liberal professor Noah Feldman wrote: "Donald Trump is manifestly unfit to be president. But it's up to voters to block him. Magic words from the past won't save us."

"To make a tortured legalistic logic to try to stop people from voting for who they want to vote for is a Soviet-style, banana republic argument," said New Hampshire Republican Party chairman Chris Ager.
"I'm not a Trump supporter. I'm neutral. But this whole attempt is bad for the country."

Even Brad Raffensperger, the top elections official in Georgia and a target of Mr Trump's ire, rejected the move as "merely the newest way of attempting to short-circuit the ballot box".

The challenge in New Hampshire - the first state in the nation to cast ballots in the Republican primary - is notably being touted by Bryant "Corky" Messner, a top Republican attorney who ran for the US Senate in 2020 with Mr Trump's endorsement.
Mr Messner, who intends to finance any 14th Amendment challenges to Mr Trump in his state, wants the courts to deliver their verdict before he can decide on whether to support Mr Trump.
"To me, it's purely about the Constitution," he said. "The US Constitution is more important than any one individual, be it Donald Trump or anyone else."
"If he ends up being the nominee of the Republican Party and he's not disqualified, I'll vote for him."

What does Trump say
Despite his mounting legal troubles, Mr Trump remains the dominant frontrunner for the Republican nomination and is polling neck-and-neck with President Joe Biden ahead of their expected rematch.

The Trump campaign has said that the legal challenge is "stretching the law beyond recognition" and has no basis "except in the minds of those who are pushing it".
"Joe Biden, Democrats, and Never Trumpers are scared to death because they see polls showing President Trump winning in the general election," spokesman Steven Cheung told the BBC's US partner CBS News in September.

But Colorado's top elections official, Jena Griswold, criticised the Republican for not wanting "to come and give their side of the story" at her state's hearing this week.
"He's not planning to testify, he's not giving deposition, and for someone who just loves to grandstand about the cases against him, his silence, compared to what his testimony would be under oath, is deafening," she told MSNBC.

[LadyTevar]

Colorado, Minnesota, New Hamphire, Michigan. All are early voting "Keystone" states, states that have their primaries within the first two months of the year, which is why they're moving on this as rapidly as possible.

I am going to be watching this closely. I don't know if they'll be able to win any of the suits, and if they do it will be challenged all the way to the Supreme Court which will be a VERY INTERESTING affair, as the Court won't be able to just table it with all the Primaries starting in less than two months.

Of course, I will be very trilled if Trump is kicked off ballots all across the US, or at least in the "Keystone" states, as poor showing in those early voting rounds literally kills political careers.
This will kick the bee's nest of Trump supporters, of course. It will force the GOP to finally come down one side or the other, and it might get to MAGArat protests. I doubt they've the balls for a full riot this time, but who knows. The more violence Trumpists commit, the more people will step away.

[Ralin]

From what I've read even back in the day against the actual Confederates that amendment was enforced inconsistently. And usually not at the point of the ballot; a former Confederate governor managed to get himself elected to Congress without issue and then Congress told him to get fucked and refused to sit him until his state elected someone else (and he later got in on a mass amnesty thing). There are all sorts of issues then before accounting for the court's biases. It's not going to work.

The more violence Trumpists commit, the more people will step away.

That seems like wishful thinking. What makes you think they won't attract more people by proving they're willing and able to slug it out?

[Gandalf]

Colorado, Minnesota, New Hamphire, Michigan. All are early voting "Keystone" states, states that have their primaries within the first two months of the year, which is why they're moving on this as rapidly as possible.

Those states are all on 5/3 or before, but so are a lot of others. After a quick scan, it looks like all of those states add up to less than two hundred delegates. By that date, some twelve hundred delegates worth of primaries and caucuses occur.

So even if he's booted the candidate list there, it's not much of a death knell. A strong showing in Iowa and South Carolina makes up for a no show in New Hampshire.