Moral Responsibility Questions

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Darth Wong
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Post by Darth Wong »

Klatoo wrote:To settle (a quarrel, etc.)
Excessive conflict is counter productive to obtaining anything of value. Some form of controlled means to settle disputes (reconciliation) is necessary for a sustained and large cooperative system.
Agreed. But you seem to be approaching this issue strictly from a governmental point of view. What about the ethics of the individual, deciding what is the right and wrong course of action to pursue in a dilemma? In this case, there is no dispute reconciliation system; there is only the man's ethical struggle in his own mind.
So you feel that an ethics system should be based upon maximizing the fulfillment of peoples' desires, regardless of what they may be?
No. I think an ethics system should limit people's desires as little as is practically possible. The ethics set the upper limit on what may be obtained and that limit should be as high as we can make it. The ethics set the lower limit on what may be obtained and it should also be as high as we can make it.
Again, you are clearly approaching this from a governmental perspective, ie- the government should limit peoples' desires as little as possible while upholding other principles. This does not speak much to individual ethics problems, such as "is it right to point and laugh at disabled people in public".
No, the purpose of cooperation is to ensure that the collective is more successful in its endeavours. An individual may often achieve more of what he wants by stabbing others in the back.
What is the purpose of the collective? Towards what end does it endevour?
It need not have a particular goal in mind other than its own survival and prosperity. Indeed, that is what all primitive collectives strived for, since survival was often seriously in doubt.
An individual also has the chance of getting caught and losing a lot of what he wants. It is also to his benefit to cooporate, even if he doesn't see that it is. Failure to see one's own benefit does not make that action non beneficial. Everytime he backstabs someone he errodes the member's confidence in the promises of the collective. Each weakening of confidence may lead to loss of membership, increased expenditures for enforcement (resources which could have been used to fufill his wants), decreased willingness to cooperate from members (due to fear). He has weakened the collective if only just a little and the collective will be just that less able to fufill his wants.

Perhaps he calculates that the benefit he can gain from back stabbing outweights the detriment to the collective and the risk of getting caught. Back stabbing implies that he was in their midst and looked upon as a friend before turning on them. He used cooperation in order to get into a position to back stab and thereby fufill his want more effectively than front stabbing them.
All of which is well and good but which does not answer the dilemma posed by your ethical system, in which you assume that cooperation is the inevitable result of a system that upholds the seeking of individual desires as its ultimate arbiter of ethics. Ayn Rand tried that bullshit, and all we got was an ethics system that doesn't actually teach us anything at all.
So why do you conclude that the rich man should not lift a finger to help the poor starving man? Clearly, the starving man is suffering from some rather severe unfulfilled wants, and the rich man's ability to fulfill his desires will not be severely impacted by giving the poor man some food.
Because the poor man has not passed the designated lower limit of what he may obtain.
"Designated lower limit"?
I designate him as callous because, by allowing someone to exist so close to the lower limit when it would be trivial to help he demonstrates that he will only do the barest minimum to retain his membership in the collective. If you had a coworker who did the barest minimum to get by while having ample resources available, what would you think of them?
False analogy; you are assuming that the poor man has the same opportunities as a lazy coworker. You have not described the conditions of the society in which he lives sufficiently to make this judgment. You have not established whether there is a welfare system in place, you have not established the economic conditions in place, you have not established whether there are homeless shelters and soup kitchens available, etc.
You will no doubt provide evidence to support your assertion that the loss of enthusiasm associated with coerced co-operation outweighs the loss of participation associated with the total absence of coercion? Let's take the example of welfare supported by coerced tax payments.
Rights seek to entice rather than coerce, but coercion is sometimes necessary. Seeking is not the same as obtaining. Some coercion is necessary but it should always seek first to entice and reserve coercion for necessity.
That is in no way a justification of your assumption that you will always get better results without coercion.
Not really; the concept of rights limits what other people can do to you. It does not in any way obligate you to act as an individual on behalf of other peoples' rights.
It does obligate you. If you proclaim that I have a right to live you have proclaimed that you have an obligation not to kill me at the least.
You are changing the concept. To obligate someone to act on another's behalf is in no way even remotely similar to "obligating" someone not to act to harm another person.
A right is a reasoned, collective want.
And how does one decide whether a want is sufficiently important to be a right? Was it ethical to have black slavery back when the majority of society wanted to own black slaves? You could argue that the slaves' rights were being violated, but who decides whether their wants are important enough to be considered rights?
Should I begin working on the U.N. analysis or is this groundwork still unacceptable? I will wait for an indication that I should continue.
I'm still curious if your concept of rights includes obligating people to act on behalf of others' rights: a question which you neatly sidestepped in your response.
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Klatoo
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Post by Klatoo »

Agreed. But you seem to be approaching this issue strictly from a governmental point of view. What about the ethics of the individual, deciding what is the right and wrong course of action to pursue in a dilemma? In this case, there is no dispute reconciliation system; there is only the man's ethical struggle in his own mind.


The right course of action for the individual is the one that will get him more of what he wants in the long run.

Again, you are clearly approaching this from a governmental perspective, ie- the government should limit peoples' desires as little as possible while upholding other principles. This does not speak much to individual ethics problems, such as "is it right to point and laugh at disabled people in public".

As goals differ, so do personal ethics. Personal ethics are a matter of personal goals and may be chosen by rolling dice if one wishes, provided they stay within the overarching ethical code.


It would be ethical to point and laugh at a disabled person in public since there is no right granting freedom from all confrontation. My personal ethic code would cause me to view the person who laughed as a very callous person and I would distance myself socially from that person up to, but not past, the ethically allowed amount as described by the overall collective ethical code. I wouldn't invite them to parties, I might try to convince them to have more compassion for others if I felt it was fruitful.


It need not have a particular goal in mind other than its own survival and prosperity. Indeed, that is what all primitive collectives strived for, since survival was often seriously in doubt.
The bureaucracy is expanding to meet the expanding needs of the bureaucracy. Is that what you want?



All of which is well and good but which does not answer the dilemma posed by your ethical system, in which you assume that cooperation is the inevitable result of a system that upholds the seeking of individual desires as its ultimate arbiter of ethics. Ayn Rand tried that bullshit, and all we got was an ethics system that doesn't actually teach us anything at all.
Cooperation is not the inevitable result or we would need no protection from betayal. Cooperation is deduced to be the most effective at the task of getting what one wants the majority of the time, given our current level of information. Rights then seek to increase the benefits.

"Designated lower limit"?
It is a guarentee to it's members of the minimum benefits they will gain through membership.


I must recant on my assessment of Saul's behaviour. Article 25.1 of the U.N. document I defered to clearly describes the least a member can have, and Lazarus is below that level. I must either state that Saul is unethical or recant the code. I choose the former until better information becomes available to me.



False analogy; you are assuming that the poor man has the same opportunities as a lazy coworker. You have not described the conditions of the society in which he lives sufficiently to make this judgment. You have not established whether there is a welfare system in place, you have not established the economic conditions in place, you have not established whether there are homeless shelters and soup kitchens available, etc.
My appologies for not being clear. I meant to compare Saul to the lazy coworker. He is a member of a group and doing the bare minimum required to retain membership. My sentence structure was poor.


That is in no way a justification of your assumption that you will always get better results without coercion.

I concede this point indefinitly. I will attempt to provide evidence for my assumption.

And how does one decide whether a want is sufficiently important to be a right?
One decides whether a want is sufficient to be a right through reason and observation. One takes the most accurate information available and attempts to find the best balance between the wants of all members.

Was it ethical to have black slavery back when the majority of society wanted to own black slaves? You could argue that the slaves' rights were being violated, but who decides whether their wants are important enough to be considered rights?
It was not ethical, they were in error. Their information was incomplete.


I'm still curious if your concept of rights includes obligating people to act on behalf of others' rights: a question which you neatly sidestepped in your response.
Yes, my concept of rights includes obligating people to act on behalf of others' rights.
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l33telboi
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Re: Moral Responsibility Questions

Post by l33telboi »

Klatoo wrote:Saul is wealthy and lives a life of plenty and ease. Lazarus is poor and in a wretched and painful state. Saul is aware of Lazarus and his condition. Saul does not help Lazarus.

Has Saul done wrong?
Hmm, i'd say this is a question that starts off on a faulty premise. Namely that there are only two choises, right and wrong.

I'd say that if Saul does not help he's morally right. Saul can't be held acountable for Lazarus condition, unless he has somehow directly contributed to the situation so that it has lead to were it is now. But if he helps, he's also morally right, more so then if he chose not to intervene.
Klatoo wrote: Bob has two healthy kidneys. Bob knows that someone, somewhere needs a kidney and it's highly probable that his would be compatible with at least one person. Bob does not donate a kidney.

Has Bob done wrong?
Same as the first example i believe.
Klatoo wrote:John is standing by the side of a highway with a sign that states "Going to <insert nearby city>". Mark drives past and is headed to <nearby city>. Mark does not stop to give John a ride.

Has Mark done wrong?
Definetly not. In this scenario (aswell as the last one) there's the off chance that John will through his help get robbed or the like himself.

I find the problem with questions like this is often the lack of alternatives. Right and Wrong in these cases doesn't quite cut it, the world isn't always that black and white.
A witty remark proves nothing. - Voltaire
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