Darth Wong wrote:Normally, you use whiskers of a material with good tensile strength, to strengthen a material which has poor tensile strength.
Please note that I have only minimal knowledge of materials science, so I am simply speculating here, as best I can from the papers I've read.
That said, while diamond is much better in compression than in tension, diamond whiskers are
still vastly stronger in tension than steel is. According to the data I have, perfect diamond whiskers have a tensile (yield) strength of 10 MN/cm^2; compressive is 50 MN/cm^2 and sheer is about 12 MN/c^2. AFAIK a good steel alloy has a tensile strength in the region of 0.5 MN/cm^2; 1/20th the strength of the diamonds. So I would not be surprised if diamond whiskers could improve the tensile strength of steel by a factor of two to four. Carbon nanotubes can be up to three times stronger in tension than diamond, but they break down at relatively low temperatures (apparently 1000 to 2000 degrees C depending on conditions), whereas diamond can go up above 3000 degrees C before denaturing, so you can mix them with molten steel ok.
The actual diamondoid analogue of reinforced concrete would probably be something like a single-walled nanotube mesh in a crystalline diamond matrix, possibly allowing you to exceed 30 MN/cm^2 compressive and 20 MN/cm^2 tensile at the same time. That's the kind of material the nanotech people I know like to talk about making. Obviously things like that are a pipe dream at the moment, but progress like this does raise the hope of making this kind of material much sooner than we would've otherwise (i.e.
without needing nanoassembly technology first).